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      Right and left, partisanship predicts (asymmetric) vulnerability to misinformation

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          Abstract

          We analyze the relationship between partisanship, echo chambers, and vulnerability to online mis-information by studying news sharing behavior on Twitter. While our results confirm prior findings that online misinformation sharing is strongly correlated with right-leaning partisanship, we also uncover a similar, though weaker, trend among left-leaning users. Because of the correlation be-tween a user’s partisanship and their position within a partisan echo chamber, these types of influ-ence are confounded. To disentangle their effects, we performed a regression analysis and found that vulnerability to misinformation is most strongly influenced by partisanship for both left- and right-leaning users.

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          Most cited references27

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          The spread of true and false news online

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            The science of fake news

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              Lazy, not biased: Susceptibility to partisan fake news is better explained by lack of reasoning than by motivated reasoning

              Why do people believe blatantly inaccurate news headlines ("fake news")? Do we use our reasoning abilities to convince ourselves that statements that align with our ideology are true, or does reasoning allow us to effectively differentiate fake from real regardless of political ideology? Here we test these competing accounts in two studies (total N = 3446 Mechanical Turk workers) by using the Cognitive Reflection Test (CRT) as a measure of the propensity to engage in analytical reasoning. We find that CRT performance is negatively correlated with the perceived accuracy of fake news, and positively correlated with the ability to discern fake news from real news - even for headlines that align with individuals' political ideology. Moreover, overall discernment was actually better for ideologically aligned headlines than for misaligned headlines. Finally, a headline-level analysis finds that CRT is negatively correlated with perceived accuracy of relatively implausible (primarily fake) headlines, and positively correlated with perceived accuracy of relatively plausible (primarily real) headlines. In contrast, the correlation between CRT and perceived accuracy is unrelated to how closely the headline aligns with the participant's ideology. Thus, we conclude that analytic thinking is used to assess the plausibility of headlines, regardless of whether the stories are consistent or inconsistent with one's political ideology. Our findings therefore suggest that susceptibility to fake news is driven more by lazy thinking than it is by partisan bias per se - a finding that opens potential avenues for fighting fake news.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Harvard Kennedy School Misinformation Review
                HKS Misinfo Review
                Shorenstein Center for Media, Politics, and Public Policy
                February 15 2021
                February 15 2021
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Observatory on Social Media, Indiana University, USA
                Article
                10.37016/mr-2020-55
                b3def1ad-d391-4f92-a773-4910bfc2022a
                © 2021
                History

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