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      Dietary fiber and microbiota interaction regulates sow metabolism and reproductive performance

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          Abstract

          Dietary fiber is a critical nutrient in sow diet and has attracted interest of animal nutritionists for many years. In addition to increase sows’ satiety, dietary fiber has been found to involve in the regulation of multiple biological functions in the sow production. The interaction of dietary fiber and gut microbes can produce bioactive metabolites, which are of great significance to sows' metabolism and reproductive performance. This article reviewed the interaction between dietary fiber and gut microbes in regulating sows' gut microbial diversity, intestinal immune system, lactation, and production performance, with the aim to provide a new strategy for the use of dietary fiber in sow diets.

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          From Dietary Fiber to Host Physiology: Short-Chain Fatty Acids as Key Bacterial Metabolites.

          Ara Koh, Filipe De Vadder, Petia Kovatcheva-Datchary … (2016)
          A compelling set of links between the composition of the gut microbiota, the host diet, and host physiology has emerged. Do these links reflect cause-and-effect relationships, and what might be their mechanistic basis? A growing body of work implicates microbially produced metabolites as crucial executors of diet-based microbial influence on the host. Here, we will review data supporting the diverse functional roles carried out by a major class of bacterial metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). SCFAs can directly activate G-coupled-receptors, inhibit histone deacetylases, and serve as energy substrates. They thus affect various physiological processes and may contribute to health and disease.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1736 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Linking long-term dietary patterns with gut microbial enterotypes.

            Gary D Wu, Jun Chen, Christian Hoffmann … (2011)
            Diet strongly affects human health, partly by modulating gut microbiome composition. We used diet inventories and 16S rDNA sequencing to characterize fecal samples from 98 individuals. Fecal communities clustered into enterotypes distinguished primarily by levels of Bacteroides and Prevotella. Enterotypes were strongly associated with long-term diets, particularly protein and animal fat (Bacteroides) versus carbohydrates (Prevotella). A controlled-feeding study of 10 subjects showed that microbiome composition changed detectably within 24 hours of initiating a high-fat/low-fiber or low-fat/high-fiber diet, but that enterotype identity remained stable during the 10-day study. Thus, alternative enterotype states are associated with long-term diet.
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              The Impact of Dietary Fiber on Gut Microbiota in Host Health and Disease

              Fredrik Bäckhed, Kassem Makki, Edward C Deehan … (2018)
              Food is a primordial need for our survival and well-being. However, diet is not only essential to maintain human growth, reproduction, and health, but it also modulates and supports the symbiotic microbial communities that colonize the digestive tract-the gut microbiota. Type, quality, and origin of our food shape our gut microbes and affect their composition and function, impacting host-microbe interactions. In this review, we will focus on dietary fibers, which interact directly with gut microbes and lead to the production of key metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids, and discuss how dietary fiber impacts gut microbial ecology, host physiology, and health. Hippocrates' notion "Let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food" remains highly relevant millennia later, but requires consideration of how diet can be used for modulation of gut microbial ecology to promote health.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Wutai Guan
                Shihai Zhang
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Anim Nutr
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Anim Nutr
                Title: Animal Nutrition
                Publisher: KeAi Publishing
                ISSN (Print): 2405-6545
                ISSN (Electronic): 2405-6383
                Publication date PMC-release: 08 October 2020
                Publication date (Print): December 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 08 October 2020
                Volume: 6
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 397-403
                Affiliations
                [a ]Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
                [b ]College of Animal Science and National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
                [c ]Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 516042, China
                Author notes
                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2405-6545(20)30095-0
                DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2020.10.001
                PMC ID: 7750804
                PubMed ID: 33364455
                SO-VID: b032ff20-a4f1-4f7e-a171-c11fee8cba1f
                Copyright © © 2020 Chinese Association of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 12 August 2020
                Date revision received : 13 September 2020
                Date accepted : 2 October 2020
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Keywords: dietary fiber,gut microbe,reproductive performance,sow
                Data availability:
                Keywords: dietary fiber, gut microbe, reproductive performance, sow

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