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      Esophageal granular cell tumor: A case report

      case-report

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          Abstract

          BACKGROUND

          Esophageal granular cell tumor (eGCT) is a relatively rare, usually benign neoplasm of the neuroectoderm. It is derived from Schwann cells. Clinical symptoms of this disease are non-specific. However, the most common presenting symptom is dysphagia, which is mostly misdiagnosed as esophageal polyps under gastroscopy, yet it has a 2% chance of forming cancers. We report the case of a 52-year-old woman with solitary eGCT, then analysed retrospectivelyanalyze the clinical features and elucidate on the reduction of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.

          CASE SUMMARY

          A 52-year-old woman was diagnosed with “esophageal granulossoma” after esophagoscopy, which was mistaken for eGCT.

          CONCLUSION

          eGCT diagnosis depends on characteristic pathomorphologies and detection of the S-100 protein. Endoscopic mucosal resection is the preferred therapeutic method.

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          Most cited references9

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          Solitary, multiple, benign, atypical, or malignant: the “Granular Cell Tumor” puzzle

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            Granular cell tumors: a report of six cases

            Granular cell tumor is a soft tissue neoplasm that originates in the nervous system and arises at virtually any body site, but is mainly found in the skin, oral cavity or digestive tract. Most are benign and reportedly malignant cases are rare, occurring in only 1% or 2% of cases. We report on our findings in six patients who developed granular cell tumor in the mammary gland, esophagus, subcutaneous tissue and muscle. Of six patients, two had granular cell tumor located in the breast, two in the submucosa of the esophagus, and the other two under the skin of the left axillary cavity and in the right latissimus dorsi muscle, respectively. One of the two patients with tumor in the submucosa of the esophagus also had esophageal cancer. Patients’ age ranged from 41 to 70 years (average, 59.1 years). Two patients with tumor in the submucosa of the esophagus were men, and the others were women. All of them were given a diagnosis of granular cell tumor by tissue biopsy and examination of excised specimens, but no evidence of malignancy was found. No recurrence has been noted in the patients who underwent surgical tumor removal.
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              Gastrointestinal and biliary granular cell tumor: diagnosis and management

              Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are generally thought to be of Schwann cell origin and are typically S-100 positive. Up to 11% of these tumors affect the gastrointestinal tract, most commonly the esophagus, colon, and stomach. While GCTs are mostly benign, malignant and metastatic GCTs have been reported. GCTs are usually found incidentally during esophagogastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy, imaging studies or during the evaluation of non-specific symptoms. Endoscopically, they are typically yellow in appearance with intact mucosa. On endoscopic ultrasound, they usually are hypoechoic, homogenous, smooth-edged lesions that appear to originate from the submucosal layer, although other endoscopic and ultrasound appearances have been described. There is no consensus on how to treat GCT. Surgical and conservative approaches have been described in the literature. GCTs can also affect the biliary tract, where patients may be misdiagnosed with cholangiocarcinoma. We explore the epidemiology, histology, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment of these tumors in the gastrointestinal tract, including the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and the perianal region. In addition, GCTs in the biliary tract are reviewed.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                World J Clin Cases
                WJCC
                World Journal of Clinical Cases
                Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
                2307-8960
                6 July 2022
                6 July 2022
                : 10
                : 19
                : 6543-6547
                Affiliations
                Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
                Department of Gastroenterology, Wangdu County Hospital, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China
                Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China. 2290165473@ 123456qq.com
                Author notes

                Author contributions: Chen YL wrote the initial draft and drafted the data and figures; Yu HL revised the draft; Zhou J provided clinical supervision and edited the manuscript; All authors approved the final version of the manuscript.

                Corresponding author: Hui-Ling Yu, MA, Doctor, Department of Gastroenterology, the Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212 Yuhua East Road, Baoding 071000, Hebei Province, China. 2290165473@ 123456qq.com

                Article
                jWJCC.v10.i19.pg6543
                10.12998/wjcc.v10.i19.6543
                9294910
                35979306
                ae81df66-24fb-4867-b518-088f8ec20614
                ©The Author(s) 2022. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

                This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

                History
                : 14 September 2021
                : 2 November 2021
                : 5 May 2022
                Categories
                Case Report

                esophageal granular cell tumor,esophagoscopy,endoscopic mucosal resection,immunohistochemical,case report

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