NANOTUBULAR ALUMINOSILICATES: A CASE STUDY FOR SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY

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Abstract

The renewed interest in imogolite nanotubes, with structural similarities with carbon nanotubes (CNTs), has led to a new search of the potential of imogolite in the field of nanoscience. The applications of imogolite started being studied at the beginning of the 1970s, but the lack of technological development prevented a detailed study of this aluminosilicate. Furthermore, the strong incursion CNTs, which show exceptional structural characteristics and physical properties, left imogolite as the subject of secondary studies and applications in nanotechnology. This review, revise the scientific interest on imogolite from its discovery until the present, showing the main areas of research and development for this nanotube from a nanotechnological point of view.

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An optically stimulated superconducting-like phase in K3C60 far above equilibrium Tc

M. Mitrano, A Cantaluppi, D. Nicoletti … (2016)

The control of non-equilibrium phenomena in complex solids is an important research frontier, encompassing new effects like light induced superconductivity. Here, we show that coherent optical excitation of molecular vibrations in the organic conductor K3C60 can induce a non-equilibrium state with the optical properties of a superconductor. A transient gap in the real part of the optical conductivity and a low-frequency divergence of the imaginary part are measured for base temperatures far above equilibrium Tc=20 K. These findings underscore the role of coherent light fields in inducing emergent order.

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Narrow-band irradiation of a homologous series of chlorophenols on TiO2: charge-transfer complex formation and reactivity.

Alexander Agrios, Kimberly Gray, Eric. Weitz (2004)

The goal of this research was to investigate the formation and reactivity of charge-transfer complexes (CTCs) among a homologous series of chlorophenols on TiO2. We previously showed that 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (245TCP) forms a CTC with Degussa P25, a commercial preparation of TiO2. Here, we probe how light energy influences reactivity and product formation. Slurries of P25 containing 245TCP were irradiated at 360, 400, 430, 480, and 550 nm. At each wavelength, the amount of transformation of 245TCP correlates to the diffuse-reflectance absorbance of a 245TCP/P25 system, supporting the CTC as the cause of reaction. In addition, polymeric products are formed only under wavelengths that excite the CTC, indicating a different reaction mechanism for the CTC than for bandgap excitation of TiO2. We also found a higher quantum efficiency for CTC reactivity than for bandgap activation of the catalyst, suggesting that the photocatalytic efficiency and selectivity can be improved for certain compounds by designing catalytic materials that form CTCs with them. Furthermore, to determine how chlorine substitution patterns affected adsorption and sub-bandgap reactivity, P25 slurries containing phenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, or 2,4,6-trichlorophenol were probed following dark contact or irradiation at 360, 430, or 550 nm. With respect to the extent of adsorption, complexation, reaction, and polymerization on P25, the behavior of 245TCP far exceeded that of the other chlorophenols. Among these chlorophenols, only 2,4-dichlorophenol produced a polymeric product. 245TCP is unique among this family of chlorophenols, which we attribute to a chlorine arrangement that leads to a favorable orbital overlap with TiO2 and sterically permits coupling reactions. Our results demonstrate the critical role that charge-transfer complexation can play in determining the rates and products of photocatalytic reactions.