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      Neurofunctional correlates of behavioral inhibition system sensitivity during attentional control are modulated by perceptual load.

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          Abstract

          Although the Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) is associated with threat-sensitivity, little is known about its neurofunctional correlates during cognitive control over task-irrelevant threat distractors. Thirty non-clinical participants, who ranged in BIS sensitivity, completed an attentional control paradigm during fMRI. The paradigm varied in cognitive demand with low perceptual load comprising identical target letters and high perceptual load comprising a target letter in a mixed letter string; each superimposed on threatening and neutral face distractors. Whole-brain results indicated that individuals with higher, relative to lower BIS sensitivity, exhibited enhanced dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activation to angry (vs. neutral) and enhanced dorsal anterior cingulate cortex activation to fearful (vs. neutral) face distractors under low load whereas no differences in activation were observed under high load. These findings are consistent with literature indicating that the BIS is involved in conflict processing, including between cognitive and emotional or motivational goals.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          Biol Psychol
          Biological psychology
          Elsevier BV
          1873-6246
          0301-0511
          May 03 2017
          : 127
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program (MADRP), Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. Electronic address: nb243610@ohio.edu.
          [2 ] Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program (MADRP), Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
          [3 ] Mood and Anxiety Disorders Research Program (MADRP), Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States; Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.
          Article
          S0301-0511(17)30084-4
          10.1016/j.biopsycho.2017.04.015
          28478139
          a6d45e3d-cb7e-424f-9597-46f00930a596
          History

          Behavioral inhibition system (BIS),Cognitive control,Cognitive demand,Neural activation,fMRI

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