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Identificación del origen genético de un rodal semillero implantado de Nothofagus obliqua a través del análisis de dos regiones intergénicas de ADN de cloroplasto
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      MR1-restricted T cells: the new dawn of cancer immunotherapy

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          Abstract

          Cancer immunotherapy has recently undergone rapid development into a validated therapy for clinical use. The adoptive transfer of engineered autologous T cells, such as chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, has been remarkably successful in patients with leukemia and lymphoma with cluster of differentiation (CD)19 expression. Because of the higher number of antigen choices and reduced incidence of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) than CAR-T cells, T cell receptor (TCR)-T cells are also considered a promising immunotherapy. More therapeutic targets for other cancers need to be explored due to the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-restricted recognition of TCR-T. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC), class I-related (MR1)-restricted T cells can recognize metabolites presented by MR1 in the context of host cells infected with pathogens. MR1 is expressed by all types of human cells. Recent studies have shown that one clone of a MR1-restricted T (MR1-T) cell can recognize many types of cancer cells without HLA-restriction. These studies provide additional information on MR1-T cells for cancer immunotherapy. This review describes the complexity of MR1-T cell TCR in diseases and the future of cancer immunotherapy.

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          Tisagenlecleucel in Children and Young Adults with B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia

          Shannon Maude, Theodore Laetsch, Jochen Buechner … (2018)
          In a single-center phase 1-2a study, the anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy tisagenlecleucel produced high rates of complete remission and was associated with serious but mainly reversible toxic effects in children and young adults with relapsed or refractory B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
          Article 0 comments Cited 1835 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            The prognostic landscape of genes and infiltrating immune cells across human cancers.

            Andrew Gentles, Aaron Newman, Chih Long Liu … (2015)
            Molecular profiles of tumors and tumor-associated cells hold great promise as biomarkers of clinical outcomes. However, existing data sets are fragmented and difficult to analyze systematically. Here we present a pan-cancer resource and meta-analysis of expression signatures from ∼18,000 human tumors with overall survival outcomes across 39 malignancies. By using this resource, we identified a forkhead box MI (FOXM1) regulatory network as a major predictor of adverse outcomes, and we found that expression of favorably prognostic genes, including KLRB1 (encoding CD161), largely reflect tumor-associated leukocytes. By applying CIBERSORT, a computational approach for inferring leukocyte representation in bulk tumor transcriptomes, we identified complex associations between 22 distinct leukocyte subsets and cancer survival. For example, tumor-associated neutrophil and plasma cell signatures emerged as significant but opposite predictors of survival for diverse solid tumors, including breast and lung adenocarcinomas. This resource and associated analytical tools (http://precog.stanford.edu) may help delineate prognostic genes and leukocyte subsets within and across cancers, shed light on the impact of tumor heterogeneity on cancer outcomes, and facilitate the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets.
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              Top 10 Challenges in Cancer Immunotherapy

              Priti Hegde, Daniel S. Chen (2020)
              Cancer immunotherapy is a validated and critically important approach for treating patients with cancer. Given the vast research and clinical investigation efforts dedicated to advancing both endogenous and synthetic immunotherapy approaches, there is a need to focus on crucial questions and define roadblocks to the basic understanding and clinical progress. Here, we define ten key challenges facing cancer immunotherapy, which range from lack of confidence in translating pre-clinical findings to identifying optimal combinations of immune-based therapies for any given patient. Addressing these challenges will require the combined efforts of basic researchers and clinicians, and the focusing of resources to accelerate understanding of the complex interactions between cancer and the immune system and the development of improved treatment options for patients with cancer.
              Article 0 comments Cited 897 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Li Yu:
                ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6872-2665
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Biosci Rep
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Biosci Rep
                Journal ID (publisher-id): bsr
                Title: Bioscience Reports
                Publisher: Portland Press Ltd.
                ISSN (Print): 0144-8463
                ISSN (Electronic): 1573-4935
                Publication date Collection: 27 November 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 13 November 2020
                Volume: 40
                Issue: 11
                Electronic Location Identifier: BSR20202962
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Hematology and Oncology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518000, China
                [2 ]Department of Hematology and BMT Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Li Yu ( liyu301@ 123456vip.163.com )
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6872-2665
                Article
                Publisher ID: BSR20202962
                DOI: 10.1042/BSR20202962
                PMC ID: 7670570
                PubMed ID: 33185693
                SO-VID: a5bcafde-f937-4949-bac2-573b21d48159
                Copyright © © 2020 The Author(s).
                License:

                This is an open access article published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY).

                History
                Date received : 26 August 2020
                Date revision received : 06 October 2020
                Date accepted : 26 October 2020
                Date: 27 October 2020
                Page count
                Pages: 10
                Categories
                Subject: Immunology & Inflammation
                Subject: Cancer
                Subject: Review Articles

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: cancer,immunotherapy,mait,mr1-restricted t cell,mr1
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Life sciences
                Keywords: cancer, immunotherapy, mait, mr1-restricted t cell, mr1

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