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      Identificación de Cultivares y Líneas de Mejoramiento de Arroz de Chile Mediante Amplificación de Fragmentos Polimórficos (AFLP) Translated title: Identification of Chilean Rice Cultivars And Breeding Lines by Means of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP)

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          Abstract

          Doce cultivares y líneas de arroz (Oryza sativa L.) desarrollados por el programa de fitomejoramiento del Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional de Investigación Quilamapu, fueron caracterizados genéticamente mediante amplificación de fragmentos polimórficos (AFLP). De 21 combinaciones ensayadas, sólo 16 fueron informativas, generando un total de 667 amplicones, 94 de ellos polimórficos (14,4%), con un rango entre 9 y 33% de polimorfismo por combinación. Esto indica que el material manejado por el programa de INIA presenta un bajo nivel de diversidad genética comparado tanto con germoplasma silvestre de la especie como con aquel usado por otros programas de fitomejoramiento de la especie. Los amplicones polimórficos detectados se usaron para preparar un dendrograma de distancias genéticas, detectándose cuatro grupos diferenciablesque sólo coinciden parcialmente con la información disponible de sus pedigrís. A pesar de la baja diversidad genética detectada, se determinó que con el uso de tres combinaciones de partidores de AFLP+3 (PE1G/PM1I, PE1H/PM1A y PE1G/PM1H) es posible discriminar entre los cultivares estudiados.

          Translated abstract

          Twelve rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars and breeding lines developed by the Rice Breeding Program at the National Institute of Agriculture Research (INIA),Quilamapu Regional ResearchCenter, were genetically characterized by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). Sixteen of 21 primer combinations evaluated were informative, generating a total of 667 amplicons, 94 of them polymorphic (14.4%), with a range between 9 to 33% of polymorphism per primer combination. This indicates that the material handled by the breeding program at INIA has low genetic diversity in comparison to wild germplasm of the species, or even compared to the material managed by other rice breeding programs. The detected polymorphic amplicons were used to prepare a dendrogram of the genetic distances, detecting four differentiable groups that only partially coincide with the information available in their pedigrees. In spite of the low genetic diversity detected, it was determined that with the use of three AFLP+3 combinations (PE1G/PM1I, PE1H/PM1A and PE1G/PM1H), it is possible to differentiate among the cultivars studied.

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          Most cited references41

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          AFLP: a new technique for DNA fingerprinting

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            Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase

            A thermostable DNA polymerase was used in an in vitro DNA amplification procedure, the polymerase chain reaction. The enzyme, isolated from Thermus aquaticus, greatly simplifies the procedure and, by enabling the amplification reaction to be performed at higher temperatures, significantly improves the specificity, yield, sensitivity, and length of products that can be amplified. Single-copy genomic sequences were amplified by a factor of more than 10 million with very high specificity, and DNA segments up to 2000 base pairs were readily amplified. In addition, the method was used to amplify and detect a target DNA molecule present only once in a sample of 10(5) cells.
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              Isozymes and classification of Asian rice varieties.

              Enzyme variation detected by starch gel electrophoresis was used to investigate the genetic structure of Oryza sativa L. species. Fifteen polymorphic loci coding for 8 enzymes were surveyed among 1688 traditional rices from Asia. Multivariate analysis of the data resulted in identification of six varietal groups, with two major ones, groups I and VI, two minor ones, groups II and V, and two satellite ones, groups III and IV. Group I is found throughout tropical Asia; it encompasses most Aman rices in Bangladesh, the Tjereh rices in Indonesia and the Hsien rices in China. Group VI is found mostly in temperate regions and in high elevation areas in the tropics; it encompasses most upland rices from Southeast Asia, the Bulu rices from Indonesia and the Keng rices from China. Groups II, III, IV and V share common differences from groups I and VI which suggest an alternative evolutionary history. Groups II and V are found in the Indian subcontinent from Iran to Burma. Well-known components of these are Aus rices from Bangladesh for group II and Basmati rices from Pakistan and India for group V. Groups III and IV are restricted to some deepwater rices in Bangladesh and Northeast India. Based on analogy with other classifications, Group I might be considered as the "Indica" type and Group VI as the "Japonica" type. Such terms, however, have a depreciated meaning due to discrepancies among various classifications.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                agrtec
                Agricultura Técnica
                Agric. Téc.
                Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA (Chillán, , Chile )
                0365-2807
                December 2005
                : 65
                : 4
                : 356-369
                Affiliations
                [02] Chillán orgnameInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias orgdiv1Centro Regional de Investigación Quilamapu Chile
                [01] Santiago orgnameInstituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias orgdiv1Centro Regional de Investigación La Platina Chile phinrich@ 123456inia.cl
                Article
                S0365-28072005000400002 S0365-2807(05)06500402
                a50b6868-3542-4d31-9329-c817c061a052

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 November 2004
                : 29 April 2004
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 14
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                INVESTIGACIONES-PRODUCCIÓN VEGETAL

                genetic diversity,fingerprinting,AFLP,pedigree,Chilean rice varieties,diversidad genética,pedigrí,cultivares chilenos de arroz

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