Properties of the Geometric Phase in Electromechanical Oscillations of Carbon-Nanotube-Based Nanowire Resonators

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Abstract

The geometric phase is an extra phase evolution in the wave function of vibrations that is potentially applicable in a broad range of science and technology. The characteristics of the geometric phase in the squeezed state for a carbon-nanotube-based nanowire resonator have been investigated by means of the invariant operator method. The introduction of a linear invariant operator, which is useful for treating a complicated time-dependent Hamiltonian system, enabled us to derive the analytical formula of the geometric phase. By making use of this, we have analyzed the time behavior of the geometric phase based on relevant illustrations. The influence of squeezing parameters on the evolution of the geometric phase has been investigated. The geometric phase, in large, oscillates, and the envelope of such oscillation increases over time. The rate of the increase of the geometric phase is large when the parameters, such as the classical amplitude of the oscillation, the damping factor, and the amplitude of the driving force, are large. We have confirmed a very sharp increase of the geometric phase over time in the case that the angular frequency of the system reaches near the resonance angular frequency. Our development regarding the characteristics of the geometric phase is crucial for understanding the topological features in nanowire oscillations.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jeong Ryeol Choi:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-4408

choiardor@hanmail.net

Sanghyun Ju: shju@kyonggi.ac.kr

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nanoscale Res Lett

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nanoscale Res Lett

Title: Nanoscale Research Letters

Publisher: Springer US (New York )

ISSN (Print): 1931-7573

ISSN (Electronic): 1556-276X

Publication date (Electronic): 5 February 2019

Publication date PMC-release: 5 February 2019

Publication date Collection: 2019

Volume: 14

Electronic Location Identifier: 44

Affiliations

ISNI 0000 0001 0691 2332, GRID grid.411203.5, Department of Physics, Kyonggi University, ; Gwanggyosan-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16227 Republic of Korea

Author information

Jeong Ryeol Choi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4416-4408

Article

Publisher ID: 2855

DOI: 10.1186/s11671-019-2855-8

PMC ID: 6363811

PubMed ID: 30721358

SO-VID: a450b9aa-8c1f-48fc-9c02-73c704c71340

License:

Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

History

Date received : 24 October 2018

Date accepted : 3 January 2019

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Nanomaterials

Keywords: geometric phase,nanowire resonator,electromechanical oscillation,squeezed state,invariant operator,phase effect

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Nanomaterials

Keywords: geometric phase, nanowire resonator, electromechanical oscillation, squeezed state, invariant operator, phase effect

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