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      Performance of the SD Bioline TB Ag MPT64 Rapid test for quick confirmation of Mycobacterium bovis isolates from animals

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          Abstract

          Mycobacterium (M.) bovis, a bacterium in the M. tuberculosis complex, is a causative agent of bovine tuberculosis, a contagious disease of animals. Mycobacterial culture is the gold standard for diagnosing bovine tuberculosis, but this technique is laborious and time-consuming. In the present study, performance of the SD Bioline TB Ag MPT4 Rapid test, an immunochromatographic assay, was evaluated using reference bacterial strains and M. bovis field isolates collected from animals. The SD MPT64 Rapid test produced positive results for 95.5% (63/66) of the M. bovis isolates from cattle and 97.9% (46/47) of the isolates from deer. Additionally, the test had a sensitivity of 96.5% (95% CI, 91.2-99.0), specificity of 100% (95% CI, 96.7-100.0), positive predictive value of 100% (95% CI, 96.7-100.0), and negative predictive value of 92.9% (95% CI, 82.7-98.0) for M. bovis isolates. In conclusion, the SD MPT64 Rapid test is simple to use and may be useful for quickly confirming the presence of M. bovis in animals.

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          The epidemiology of Mycobacterium bovis infections in animals and man: a review.

          Claire O’Reilly, Phillip J. Daborn (1995)
          Tuberculosis is primarily a respiratory disease and transmission of infection within and between species is mainly by the airborne route. Mycobacterium bovis, the cause of bovine-type tuberculosis, has an exceptionally wide host range. Susceptible species include cattle, humans, non-human primates, goats, cats dogs, pigs, buffalo, badgers, possums, deer and bison. Many susceptible species, including man, are spillover hosts in which infection is not self-maintaining. In countries where there is transmission of infection from endemically infected wildlife populations to cattle or other farmed animals, eradication is not feasible and control measures must be applied indefinitely. Possible methods of limiting spread of infection from wildlife to cattle including the use of vaccines are outlined. The usefulness of DNA fingerprinting of M. bovis strains as an epidemiological tool and of BCG vaccination of humans and cattle as a control measure are reviewed. The factors determining susceptibility to infection and clinical disease, and the infectiousness of infected hosts and transmission of infection, are detailed. Reports of the epidemiology of M. bovis infections in man and a variety of animal species are reviewed. M. bovis infection was recognised as a major public health problem when this organism was transmitted to man via milk from infected cows. The introduction of pasteurization helped eliminate this problem. Those occupational groups working with M. bovis infected cattle or deer, on the farm or in the slaughter house, are more likely to develop pulmonary disease than alimentary disease. In recent years, tuberculosis in farmed cervidae has become a disease of economic as well as public health importance in several countries. Nowadays, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with a greatly increased risk of overt disease in humans infected with Myobacterium tuberculosis. It is believed this increased risk also occurs in the case of M. bovis infections in humans.
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            The situation of tuberculosis and tuberculosis control in animals of economic interest.

            William Amanfu (2015)
            The need to focus international attention on the continuing problem of tuberculosis in animals of economic interest, can hardly be over-emphasized. Mycobacterium bovis, is the most universal pathogen among the mycobacteria and produces progressive disease in most domestic animals (especially those of economic interest) and in humans. The prevalence of animal tuberculosis therefore, has relevance for both human and veterinary medical practitioners and decision makers on the strategic approach to be adopted in the control of the disease. There is the tendency to underestimate the ability of M. bovis to produce tuberculosis or to assume that it has been totally eliminated and that potential exposure to this pathogen may be a remote occurrence. This perception could have a direct implication for the control of the disease at source, that is in domestic animals. The current epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection raises the issue of what future impact this epidemic may have if the incidence of M. bovis infection in humans increases, when control in livestock especially cattle, is neglected by both developed and developing countries.
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              Directions and issues in bovine tuberculosis epidemiology and control in New Zealand.

              Dietrich Pfeiffer, Sheldon R. Morris (1995)
              Current knowledge on the epidemiology of bovine tuberculosis in New Zealand is reviewed, with emphasis on recent findings. It would appear that the epidemiology of the disease is determined by the behaviour of both wildlife and domestic stock, and environmental influences on the development of the infectious state in wildlife. The central cause of persistent disease nationally remains the possum, although other species may play a subsidiary role locally. Current understanding provides much improved prospects for control, which will be based on implementing individual farm control strategies to complement current regional control, with additional later prospects of vaccination of wildlife and possibly reproductive control of possums.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Vet Sci
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J. Vet. Sci
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JVS
                Title: Journal of Veterinary Science
                Publisher: The Korean Society of Veterinary Science
                ISSN (Print): 1229-845X
                ISSN (Electronic): 1976-555X
                Publication date (Print): March 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 18 March 2015
                Volume: 16
                Issue: 1
                Pages: 31-35
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Chungbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory, Chungju 380-230, Korea.
                [2 ]Laboratories of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea.
                [3 ]Biotech Laboratory, Standard Diagnostics Inc., Yongin 446-904, Korea.
                [4 ]Animal Genetics Resources Station, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Namwon 590-832, Korea.
                [5 ]Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea.
                [6 ]Division of Biological Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Korea.
                [7 ]Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Yonsei University, Wonju 220-710, Korea.
                [8 ]Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Daegu Health College, Daegu 702-722, Korea.
                [9 ]Division of Bacterial Diseases, Department of Animal and Plant Health Research, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Anyang 430-757, Korea.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Tel: +82-33-760-5108; Fax: +82-504-841-5108; bojeon@ 123456yonsei.ac.kr
                Article
                DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2015.16.1.31
                PMC ID: 4367147
                PubMed ID: 25269718
                SO-VID: 9d2bdbaf-d00a-4e61-881c-d0a9771a6184
                Copyright © © 2015 The Korean Society of Veterinary Science.
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 20 March 2014
                Date revision received : 03 July 2014
                Date accepted : 27 September 2014
                Funding
                Funded by: Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs
                Award ID: 314025-03
                Funded by: Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency
                Award ID: Z-AD13-2010-11-0502
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Veterinary medicine
                Keywords: animals,mycobacterium bovis,sd mpt64 rapid test
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Veterinary medicine
                Keywords: animals, mycobacterium bovis, sd mpt64 rapid test

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