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      Infecciones neonatales tardías Translated title: Late neonatal infections

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          Abstract

          RESUMEN Introducción: La infección neonatal constituye una de las enfermedades más comunes debido a la susceptibilidad de estos pacientes. Esta infección puede llegar a la sepsis neonatal e incrementar la mortalidad. Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la infección neonatal tardía. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo y transversal de registros de neonatos ingresados en el servicio de neonatología del Hospital “William Soler Ledea” entre los años 2017-2019 con diagnóstico de infección. Se excluyeron aquellos registros de neonatos infectados intervenidos quirúrgicamente. Las variables estudiadas fueron: epidemiológicas, factores de riesgo, clínicas y paraclínicas. Se emplearon técnicas de estadísticas descriptivas como porcentajes, razón, media o promedio. Resultados: La muestra estuvo conformada por 1078 registros de pacientes para una tasa de infección de 59,4 × 100 ingresos. Los factores de riesgo prenatales y connatales obtuvieron razón de prevalencia < 1. Los factores de riesgo posnatales con mayor prevalencia fueron el sexo masculino (57,6 %) y el cateterismo venoso central (53,6 %). De 83 a 88 % de los neonatos infectados presentaron alteraciones del perfil hematopoyético. Las infecciones respiratorias, de piel y de partes blandas se presentaron en 36 % de los neonatos y fueron las bacterias grampositivas los principales microorganismos aislados. Hubo 11 pacientes fallecidos para una tasa de mortalidad del 22,9 %. Conclusiones: La morbilidad por infección tardía es notable, predominan los factores de riesgo posnatales y el sexo masculino; la prematuridad y el bajo peso tuvieron la mayor representación en los fallecidos.

          Translated abstract

          ABSTRACT Introduction: Neonatal infection is one of the most common diseases due to the sensitivity of these patients. This infection can lead to neonatal sepsis and increase mortality. Objective: Determine the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of late neonatal infection. Methods: Retrospective and cross-sectional descriptive study of records on neonates admitted to the neonatology service of "William Soler Ledea" Hospital in the period 2017-2019 with a diagnosis of infection. Records of infected infants undergoing surgery were excluded. The variables studied were: epidemiological, risk factors, clinical and paraclinical. Descriptive statistical techniques such as percentages, ratio, mean or average were used. Results: The sample consisted of 1078 patient´s records, with an infection rate of 59.4 × 100 admissions. Prenatal and conatal risk factors obtained prevalence ratio < 1. The postnatal risk factors with the highest prevalence were male sex (57.6%) and central venous catheterization (53.6%). From 83 to 88% of infected neonates had alterations in the hematopoietic profile. Respiratory, skin and soft tissue infections occurred in 36% of the neonates and gram-positive bacteria were the main isolated microorganisms. There were 11 patients who died representing a mortality rate of 22.9%. Conclusions: Morbidity due to late infection is remarkable, postnatal risk factors predominate and male sex; prematurity and low weight had the highest representation in the deceased ones.

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          Most cited references31

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          Causes and timing of death in extremely premature infants from 2000 through 2011.

          Understanding the causes and timing of death in extremely premature infants may guide research efforts and inform the counseling of families.
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            Epidemiology of Invasive Early-Onset Neonatal Sepsis, 2005 to 2014

            Group B Streptococcus (GBS) and Escherichia coli have historically dominated as causes of early-onset neonatal sepsis. Widespread use of intrapartum prophylaxis for GBS disease led to concerns about the potential adverse impact on E coli incidence.
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              Estimating the probability of neonatal early-onset infection on the basis of maternal risk factors.

              To develop a quantitative model to estimate the probability of neonatal early-onset bacterial infection on the basis of maternal intrapartum risk factors.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ped
                Revista Cubana de Pediatría
                Rev Cubana Pediatr
                Editorial Ciencias Médicas (Ciudad de la Habana, , Cuba )
                0034-7531
                1561-3119
                2021
                : 93
                : suppl 1
                : e1661
                Affiliations
                [1] La Habana orgnameHospital Pediátrico Universitario “William Soler Ledea” Cuba
                Article
                S0034-75312021000500004 S0034-7531(21)09300000004
                9af2bcb0-828e-47b8-948c-c5fe6b7627ef

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 June 2021
                : 18 August 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 31, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                ARTÍCULO ORIGINAL

                neonatal infection,risk factor,morbidity,infeccion neonatal,factor de riesgo,morbilidad

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