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      Calcified or ossified benign soft tissue lesions that may simulate malignancy

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this article is to review calcified or ossified benign soft tissue lesions that may simulate malignancy. We review the clinical presentations, locations, imaging characteristics, and differential diagnostic considerations of myositis ossificans, tophaceous gout, benign vascular lesions, calcific tendinopathy with osseous involvement, periosteal chondroma, primary synovial chondromatosis, Hoffa’s disease, tumoral calcinosis, lipoma with metaplasia, calcifying aponeurotic fibroma, calcific myonecrosis, ancient schwannoma, and Castleman disease.

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          Heterotopic Ossification: A Comprehensive Review

          Carolyn Meyers, Jeffrey Lisiecki, Sarah Miller … (2019)
          ABSTRACT Heterotopic ossification (HO) is a diverse pathologic process, defined as the formation of extraskeletal bone in muscle and soft tissues. HO can be conceptualized as a tissue repair process gone awry and is a common complication of trauma and surgery. This comprehensive review seeks to synthesize the clinical, pathoetiologic, and basic biologic features of HO, including nongenetic and genetic forms. First, the clinical features, radiographic appearance, histopathologic diagnosis, and current methods of treatment are discussed. Next, current concepts regarding the mechanistic bases for HO are discussed, including the putative cell types responsible for HO formation, the inflammatory milieu and other prerequisite “niche” factors for HO initiation and propagation, and currently available animal models for the study of HO of this common and potentially devastating condition. © 2019 The Authors. JBMR Plus published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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            Soft-tissue tumors and tumorlike lesions: a systematic imaging approach.

            Annie Wu, Mary G Hochman (2009)
            Soft-tissue lesions are frequently encountered by radiologists in everyday clinical practice. Characterization of these soft-tissue lesions remains problematic, despite advances in imaging. By systematically using clinical history, lesion location, mineralization on radiographs, and signal intensity characteristics on magnetic resonance images, one can (a) determine the diagnosis for the subset of determinate lesions that have characteristic clinical and imaging features and (b) narrow the differential diagnosis for lesions that demonstrate indeterminate characteristics. If a lesion cannot be characterized as a benign entity, the lesion should be reported as indeterminate, and the patient should undergo biopsy to exclude malignancy. (c) RSNA, 2009.
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              Castleman disease: the great mimic.

              K. Horton, David Bonekamp, Ralph H. Hruban … (2011)
              Castleman disease is a nonclonal lymphoproliferative disorder and one of the more common causes of nonneoplastic lymphadenopathy. Because of its diverse manifestations and ability to affect any body region, Castleman disease is a great mimic of both benign and malignant abnormalities in the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis. Castleman disease most commonly manifests as unicentric disease (unicentric Castleman disease) with a hyperenhancing lymph nodal mass and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lymphoma, metastatic adenopathy, and infectious and/or inflammatory diseases that result in adenopathy. Castleman disease includes a spectrum of pathologic variants, including the classic hyaline vascular type, the less common plasma cell variant of Castleman disease, and the more recently described multicentric Castleman disease and Castleman disease associated with human herpesvirus 8. Castleman disease has been associated with the human immunodeficiency virus, lymphoma, POEMS (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes) syndrome, paraneoplastic pemphigus, and plasma cell dyscrasias. Aggressive forms of Castleman disease with systemic manifestations may occur. Unicentric hyaline vascular Castleman disease is often curable with surgery; however, multicentric Castleman disease may require steroid treatment, chemotherapy, antiviral medication, or the use of antiproliferative regimens because a surgical procedure cannot be curative in this setting. Supplemental material available at http://radiographics.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/rg.316115502/-/DC1. © RSNA, 2011.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Thomas C. Kwee: thomaskwee@gmail.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Skeletal Radiol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Skeletal Radiol
                Title: Skeletal Radiology
                Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )
                ISSN (Print): 0364-2348
                ISSN (Electronic): 1432-2161
                Publication date (Electronic): 10 July 2019
                Publication date PMC-release: 10 July 2019
                Publication date (Print): 2019
                Volume: 48
                Issue: 12
                Pages: 1875-1890
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Radiology, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen/Sittard/Geleen, The Netherlands
                [2 ]Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
                Article
                Publisher ID: 3272
                DOI: 10.1007/s00256-019-03272-3
                PMC ID: 6813287
                PubMed ID: 31297550
                SO-VID: 98b623ac-f8bf-4b0a-bed2-0cbb6793d247
                Copyright © © The Author(s) 2019
                License:

                Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

                History
                Date received : 25 April 2019
                Date revision received : 26 June 2019
                Date accepted : 27 June 2019
                Funding
                Funded by: University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article
                Custom metadata
                issue-copyright-statement © ISS 2019

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Radiology & Imaging
                Keywords: soft tissue lesion,calcifications,ossification,benign,malignant
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Radiology & Imaging
                Keywords: soft tissue lesion, calcifications, ossification, benign, malignant

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