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      Complete Genome Sequence of a Novel Swine Acute Diarrhea Syndrome Coronavirus, CH/FJWT/2018, Isolated in Fujian, China, in 2018

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          Abstract

          The full-length genome sequence of a novel swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), CH/FJWT/2018, was determined, which was genetically most closely related to CN/GDWT/2017, recently discovered in Fujian, China. The indel sites of the spike (S) gene of CH/FJWT/2018 were most similar to those of bat-origin SADS-related coronaviruses.

          ABSTRACT

          The full-length genome sequence of a novel swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), CH/FJWT/2018, was determined, which was genetically most closely related to CN/GDWT/2017, recently discovered in Fujian, China. The indel sites of the spike (S) gene of CH/FJWT/2018 were most similar to those of bat-origin SADS-related coronaviruses.

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          Bat-Origin Coronaviruses Expand Their Host Range to Pigs

          Liang Wang, Shuo Su, Yuhai Bi … (2018)
          Infections with bat-origin coronaviruses have caused severe illness in humans by ‘host jump’. Recently, novel bat-origin coronaviruses were found in pigs. The large number of mutations on the receptor-binding domain allowed the viruses to infect the new host, posing a potential threat to both agriculture and public health.
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            Isolation and characterization of a highly pathogenic strain of Porcine enteric alphacoronavirus causing watery diarrhoea and high mortality in newborn piglets

            Zhichao Xu, Yun Zhang, Lang Gong … (2018)
            Abstract Porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (PEAV) was first discovered in China in February 2017, and the origin and virulence of this novel porcine coronavirus were not fully characterized. Here, we isolated a strain of PEAV, named GDS04 that is identified by immunofluorescence and typical crown‐shaped particles observed with electron microscopy. Genomic analysis reveals that PEAV GDS04 shares a close relationship with SADS‐CoV and SeACoV. Furthermore, newborn piglets orally challenged with PEAV GDS04 developed typical clinical symptoms as watery diarrhoea in neonatal piglets. Viral RNA was detected in faeces and various tissues of the infected piglets. Moreover, macroscopic and microscopic lesions in whole intestinal tract were observed, and viral antigen could be detected in the small intestines by immunohistochemical staining and electron microscopy. Importantly, the mortality rate of inoculated‐newborn piglets was 100% and half of the cohabiting piglets died. Collectively, we demonstrate that PEAV is highly pathogenic in newborn piglets.
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              Newly emerged porcine enteric alphacoronavirus in southern China: Identification, origin and evolutionary history analysis

              Xinliang Fu, Bo Fang, Yixing Liu … (2018)
              Coronaviruses have a wide host range and can cause a variety of diseases with varying severity in different animals. Several enteric coronaviruses have been identified that are associated with diarrhea in swine and that have caused substantial economic losses. In this study, a newly emerged porcine enteric alphacoronavirus (PEAV), PEAV-GD-CH/2017, was identified from suckling piglets with diarrhea in southern China, and a full-length genome sequence of PEAV was obtained for systematic analysis. The novel PEAV sequence was most identical to that of bat-HKU2, and the differences between them were comprehensively compared, especially the uniform features of the S protein, which was shown to have a close relationship with betacoronaviruses and to perhaps represent unrecognized betacoronaviruses. In addition, Bayesian analysis was conducted to address the origin of PEAV, and the divergence time between PEAV and bat-HKU2 was estimated at 1926, which indicates that PEAV is not newly emerged and may have circulated in swine herds for several decades since the interspecies transmission of this coronavirus from bat to swine. The evolutionary rate of coronaviruses was estimated to be 1.93 × 10−4 substitutions per site per year for the RdRp gene in our analysis. For the origin of PEAV, we suspect that it is the result of the interspecies transmission of bat-HKU2 from bat to swine. Our results provide valuable information about the uniform features, origin and evolution of the novel PEAV, which will facilitate further investigations of this newly emerged pathogen.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Jelle Matthijnssens: Role: Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Microbiol Resour Announc
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Microbiol Resour Announc
                Journal ID (hwp): ga
                Journal ID (pmc): mra
                Journal ID (publisher-id): MRA
                Title: Microbiology Resource Announcements
                Publisher: American Society for Microbiology (1752 N St., N.W., Washington, DC )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2576-098X
                Publication date (Electronic): 6 December 2018
                Publication date Collection: December 2018
                Volume: 7
                Issue: 22
                Electronic Location Identifier: e01259-18
                Affiliations
                [a ]Key Laboratory for Animal Health of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
                [b ]Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
                KU Leuven
                Author notes
                Address correspondence to Yu Ye, yy6157832@ 123456163.com , or Yuxin Tang, tang53ster@ 123456gmail.com .

                K.L. and H.L. contributed equally to this work.

                Citation Li K, Li H, Bi Z, Gu J, Gong W, Luo S, Zhang F, Song D, Ye Y, Tang Y. 2018. Complete genome sequence of a novel swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus, CH/FJWT/2018, isolated in Fujian, China, in 2018. Microbiol Resour Announc 7:e01259-18. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01259-18.

                Article
                Publisher ID: MRA01259-18
                DOI: 10.1128/MRA.01259-18
                PMC ID: 6284080
                PubMed ID: 30533848
                SO-VID: 97d9a0c4-0bb1-442b-be4a-cb07ad141048
                Copyright © Copyright © 2018 Li et al.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.

                History
                Date received : 19 September 2018
                Date accepted : 5 November 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 11, Pages: 2, Words: 1475
                Funding
                Funded by: National Key Research and Development Program;
                Award ID: 2017YFD050060
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Foundation of the Educational Commission of Jiangxi Province;
                Award ID: GJJ150388
                Award ID: GJJ160399
                Award Recipient : Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Graduate Innovative Foundation of Jiangxi Province;
                Award ID: YC2017-B036
                Award ID: YC2018-S200
                Award Recipient : Award Recipient :
                Funded by: Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province (Jiangxi Province natural Science Fund), https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004479;
                Award ID: 20161BAB214169
                Award Recipient :
                Categories
                Subject: Genome Sequences
                Custom metadata
                cover-date December 2018

                Data availability:

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