TRADUÇÃO AUDIOVISUAL ACESSÍVEL (TAVA): A SEGMENTAÇÃO LINGUÍSTICA NA LEGENDAGEM PARA SURDOS E ENSURDECIDOS (LSE) DA CAMPANHA POLÍTICA NA TELEVISÃO EM FORTALEZA

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Abstract

RESUMO O presente artigo trata de uma pesquisa de cunho exploratório-experimental acerca da recepção de espectadores surdos e ouvintes à Legendagem para Surdos e Ensurdecidos (LSE) de campanhas políticas na televisão. A pesquisa teve como variáveis os parâmetros de legendagem: velocidade e segmentação. A referida pesquisa trabalhou com vídeos de campanhas políticas, que tinham legendas nas velocidades lenta (145 palavras por minuto) e rápida (180 palavras por minuto) e que apresentavam ou não problemas de segmentação linguística. A segmentação linguística consiste na divisão das falas em blocos semânticos, baseada nas unidades semânticas e sintáticas. Assim, os vídeos foram apresentados aos participantes da seguinte maneira: Legendas Lentas Bem Segmentadas (LBS), Lentas Mal Segmentadas (LMS), Rápidas Bem Segmentadas (RBS) e Rápidas Mal Segmentadas (RMS). 16 espectadores - oito ouvintes e oito surdos - participaram da pesquisa. Desta forma, foi realizado um experimento com um rastreador ocular, em que as medidas de número e duração de fixações oculares foram observadas (estudo experimental). Além disso, foram coletadas informações sobre as legendas por meio de relatos retrospectivos e questionários aplicados aos participantes (estudo exploratório). Os resultados dos estudos exploratório e experimental sugerem que problemas de segmentação podem causar desconforto na recepção das legendas, causando rupturas no processo de leitura, tanto para surdos como para ouvintes.

Translated abstract

ABSTRACT The present article concerns the results of an exploratory-experimental research on the reception of deaf and hearing viewers to the Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard of hearing (SDH) of political campaigns on television. The variables of the research are two parameters of subtitling: rate and segmentation. The research worked with videos of political campaigns which had subtitles in slow (145 words per minute) and fast (180 words per minute) rates and which presented or not linguistic segmentation problems. Linguistic segmentation consists of the division of speech in semantic blocks, based on semantic and syntactic units. Thus, the videos were presented to participants in the following way: slow well segmented subtitles, slow ill segmented subtitles, fast well segmented subtitles, fast ill segmented subtitles. 16 viewers - eight hearing and eight deaf participants were in the research. Thus, an experiment with an eye-tracker was developed. In this experiment, the number and the duration of eye fixations were observed (experimental study). Besides this, information about the subtitles was collected, by means of reports and questionnaires applied to the participants (exploratory study). The results of the two studies suggest that problems in the subtitle segmentation can cause discomfort during the reception of the subtitles, causing ruptures on the reading process, for both groups of deaf and hearing participants.

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The E-Z reader model of eye-movement control in reading: comparisons to other models.

Keith Rayner, Erik Reichle, Alexander Pollatsek (2003)

The E-Z Reader model (Reichle et al. 1998; 1999) provides a theoretical framework for understanding how word identification, visual processing, attention, and oculomotor control jointly determine when and where the eyes move during reading. In this article, we first review what is known about eye movements during reading. Then we provide an updated version of the model (E-Z Reader 7) and describe how it accounts for basic findings about eye movement control in reading. We then review several alternative models of eye movement control in reading, discussing both their core assumptions and their theoretical scope. On the basis of this discussion, we conclude that E-Z Reader provides the most comprehensive account of eye movement control during reading. Finally, we provide a brief overview of what is known about the neural systems that support the various components of reading, and suggest how the cognitive constructs of our model might map onto this neural architecture.