Genetic causal relationship between gut microbiota and basal cell carcinoma: A two‐sample mendelian randomization study

Abstract

Objective

Research has previously established connections between the intestinal microbiome and the progression of some cancers. However, there is a noticeable gap in the literature in regard to using Mendelian randomisation (MR) to delve into potential causal relationships between the gut microbiota (GM) and basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Therefore, the purpose of our study was to use MR to explore the causal relationship between four kinds of GM (Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Proteobacteria and Lachnospiraceae) and BCC.

Methods

We used genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data and MR to explore the causal relationship between four kinds of GM and BCC. This study primarily employed the random effect inverse variance weighted (IVW) model for analysis, as complemented by additional methods including the simple mode, weighted median, weighted mode and MR‒Egger methods. We used heterogeneity and horizontal multiplicity to judge the reliability of each analysis. MR‐PRESSO was mainly used to detect and correct outliers.

Results

The random‐effects IVW results showed that Bacteroides (OR = 0.936, 95% CI = 0.787–1.113, p = 0.455), Streptococcus (OR = 0.974, 95% CI = 0.875–1.083, p = 0.629), Proteobacteria (OR = 1.113, 95% CI = 0.977–1.267, p = 0.106) and Lachnospiraceae (OR = 1.027, 95% CI = 0.899–1.173, p = 0.688) had no genetic causal relationship with BCC. All analyses revealed no horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity or outliers.

Conclusion

We found that Bacteroides, Streptococcus, Proteobacteria and Lachnospiraceae do not increase the incidence of BCC at the genetic level, which provides new insight for the study of GM and BCC.