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      Pérdidas ocasionadas por Zymoseptoria tritici en genotipos de trigo en ambientes de temporal Translated title: Losses caused by Zymoseptoria tritici in wheat genotypes in storm environments

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          Abstract

          Resumen El tizón foliar causado por Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorfo Zymoseptoria tritici o Septoria tritici), es una enfermedad presente en áreas lluviosas de siembras de temporal de trigo en los Valles Altos del Centro de México. El efecto sobre el rendimiento de grano que causa la enfermedad es variable, dependiendo de la localidad y el nivel de resistencia de las variedades. Los objetivos de la investigación fueron determinar el porcentaje de pérdidas que causa el tizón foliar y la respuesta de variedades comerciales sembradas en ambientes de temporal. Se evaluaron cinco variedades de trigo harinero en dos tratamientos, con control y sin control de la enfermedad, en las localidades de Juchitepec, Estado de México y Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala, durante los ciclos verano 2007 y 2008. El diseño experimental fue bloques completos al azar con cuatro repeticiones con arreglo de tratamientos de parcelas divididas. La disminución en el rendimiento que causo el tizón foliar fue del 41 y 40% en Salamanca S75 y Gálvez M87 respectivamente, 33% para Verano S91, Triunfo F2004 24% y 9% de pérdidas en Rebeca F2000. Con base al nivel de resistencia, se determinaron tres grupos de variedades: Rebeca F2000 resistente, Triunfo F2004 moderadamente resistente, Gálvez M87, Salamanca S75 y Verano S91 susceptibles. El mejor sitio de prueba fue Juchitepec, Estado de México. Los resultados indican que se debe de incorporar mayor resistencia a Zymoseptoria en futuras variedades incluyendo a Rebeca F2000 como fuente de resistencia, lo que permitirá disminuir pérdidas en rendimiento en ambientes donde la enfermedad es importante.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Leaf blight caused by Mycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph Zymoseptoria tritici or Septoria tritici), is a disease present in rainy areas of seasonal wheat crops in the High Valleys of Central Mexico. The effect on grain yield caused by the disease is variable, depending on the locality and the resistance level of the varieties. The objectives of the research were to determine the percentage of losses caused by leaf blight and the response of commercial varieties planted in storm environments. Five varieties of bread wheat were evaluated in two treatments, with and without control of the disease, in the towns of Juchitepec, State of Mexico and Nanacamilpa, Tlaxcala, during the summer 2007 and 2008 cycles. The experimental design was complete random blocks with four repetitions under split plot treatment arrangement. The decrease in yield caused by leaf blight was 41 and 40% in Salamanca S75 and Gálvez M87 respectively, 33% for Verano S91, Triunfo F2004 24% and 9% losses in Rebeca F2000. Based on their resistance level, three groups of varieties were determined: Rebeca F2000 as resistant, Triunfo F2004 moderately resistant, Gálvez M87, Salamanca S75 and Verano S91 susceptible. The best test site was Juchitepec, Estate from Mexico. These results indicate that greater resistance to Zymoseptoria should be incorporated in future varieties, including Rebeca F2000 as a source of resistance, which will reduce losses in farmers yield in environments where the disease is important.

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          A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals

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            The impact of Septoria tritici Blotch disease on wheat: An EU perspective

            Highlights • Zymospetoria tritici is a threat to wheat production in the EU Z.t.’s plastic genome increases the potential severity of this threat in the future. • Climate change may also affect the risk from Z.t. • We estimate the spore numbers produced by Z.t. during each infection cycle. • We calculate 1) the economic value of wheat in the three main EU producers 2) the cost of and economic return for fungicide treatment of wheat vs Z.t.
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              Genetics of resistance to Zymoseptoria tritici and applications to wheat breeding

              Highlights • We review the genetics of wheat resistance to Septoria tritici blotch, with a map of known genes. • Qualitative resistance is usually monogenic, genotype-specific and non-durable. • Quantitative resistance is generally polygenic with low specificity and greater durability. • Major requirements for resistance breeding are diverse germplasm and field sites with severe Septoria.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                remexca
                Revista mexicana de ciencias agrícolas
                Rev. Mex. Cienc. Agríc
                Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (Texcoco, Estado de México, Mexico )
                2007-0934
                May 2020
                : 11
                : 3
                : 467-479
                Affiliations
                [2] Texcoco Estado de México orgnameUniversidad Autónoma Chapingo orgdiv1Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola Mexico lsantos@ 123456correo.chapingo.mx
                [1] Texcoco orgnameInstituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias orgdiv1Campo Experimental Valle de México Mexico villasenor.hector@ 123456inifap.gob.mx
                Article
                S2007-09342020000300467 S2007-0934(20)01100300467
                10.29312/remexca.v11i3.1788
                859331f3-97f8-46bb-9cac-fd53fdbca83b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 01 February 2020
                : 01 April 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Artículos

                yield,susceptible varieties,leaf blight,Zymoseptoria tritici,Triticum aestivum,variedades susceptibles,tizón foliar,rendimiento

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