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      Functional Interaction among lncRNA HOTAIR and MicroRNAs in Cancer and Other Human Diseases

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          Abstract

          Simple Summary

          This review aimed to describe the contribution of functional interaction between the lncRNA HOTAIR and microRNAs in human diseases, including cancer. HOTAIR/miRNAs complexes interfere with different cellular processes during carcinogenesis, mainly deregulating a series of oncogenic signaling pathways. A great number of ncRNAs-related databases have been established, supported by bioinformatics technologies, to identify the ncRNA-mediated sponge regulatory network. These approaches need experimental validation through cells and animal models studies. The optimization of systems to interfere with HOTAIR/miRNAs interplay could represent a new tool for the definition of diagnostic therapeutics in cancer patients.

          Abstract

          LncRNAs are a class of non-coding RNAs mostly involved in regulation of cancer initiation, metastatic progression, and drug resistance, through participation in post-transcription regulatory processes by interacting with different miRNAs. LncRNAs are able to compete with endogenous RNAs by binding and sequestering miRNAs and thereby regulating the expression of their target genes, often represented by oncogenes. The lncRNA HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) represents a diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarker in many human cancers, and its functional interaction with miRNAs has been described as crucial in the modulation of different cellular processes during cancer development. The aim of this review is to highlight the relation between lncRNA HOTAIR and different microRNAs in human diseases, discussing the contribution of these functional interactions, especially in cancer development and progression.

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          Most cited references196

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          A ceRNA hypothesis: the Rosetta Stone of a hidden RNA language?

          Leonardo Salmena, Laura Poliseno, Yvonne Tay … (2011)
          Here, we present a unifying hypothesis about how messenger RNAs, transcribed pseudogenes, and long noncoding RNAs "talk" to each other using microRNA response elements (MREs) as letters of a new language. We propose that this "competing endogenous RNA" (ceRNA) activity forms a large-scale regulatory network across the transcriptome, greatly expanding the functional genetic information in the human genome and playing important roles in pathological conditions, such as cancer. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
          Article 0 comments Cited 1966 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            starBase v2.0: decoding miRNA-ceRNA, miRNA-ncRNA and protein–RNA interaction networks from large-scale CLIP-Seq data

            Jun-Hao Li, Shun Liu, Hui Zhou … (2013)
            Although microRNAs (miRNAs), other non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) (e.g. lncRNAs, pseudogenes and circRNAs) and competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have been implicated in cell-fate determination and in various human diseases, surprisingly little is known about the regulatory interaction networks among the multiple classes of RNAs. In this study, we developed starBase v2.0 (http://starbase.sysu.edu.cn/) to systematically identify the RNA–RNA and protein–RNA interaction networks from 108 CLIP-Seq (PAR-CLIP, HITS-CLIP, iCLIP, CLASH) data sets generated by 37 independent studies. By analyzing millions of RNA-binding protein binding sites, we identified ∼9000 miRNA-circRNA, 16 000 miRNA-pseudogene and 285 000 protein–RNA regulatory relationships. Moreover, starBase v2.0 has been updated to provide the most comprehensive CLIP-Seq experimentally supported miRNA-mRNA and miRNA-lncRNA interaction networks to date. We identified ∼10 000 ceRNA pairs from CLIP-supported miRNA target sites. By combining 13 functional genomic annotations, we developed miRFunction and ceRNAFunction web servers to predict the function of miRNAs and other ncRNAs from the miRNA-mediated regulatory networks. Finally, we developed interactive web implementations to provide visualization, analysis and downloading of the aforementioned large-scale data sets. This study will greatly expand our understanding of ncRNA functions and their coordinated regulatory networks.
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              Functional Classification and Experimental Dissection of Long Noncoding RNAs

              Florian Kopp, Joshua Mendell (2018)
              Over the last decade, it has been increasingly demonstrated that the genomes of many species are pervasively transcribed, resulting in the production of numerous long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs). At the same time, it is now appreciated that many types of DNA regulatory elements, such as enhancers and promoters, regularly initiate bidirectional transcription. Thus, discerning functional noncoding transcripts from a vast transcriptome is a paramount priority, and challenge, for the lncRNA field. In this review, we aim to provide a conceptual and experimental framework for classifying and elucidating lncRNA function. We categorize lncRNA loci into those that regulate gene expression in cis versus those that perform functions in trans , and propose an experimental approach to dissect lncRNA activity based on these classifications. These strategies to further understand lncRNAs promise to reveal new and unanticipated biology, with great potential to advance our understanding of normal physiology and disease.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Lyndsay Rhodes: Role: Academic Editor
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Cancers (Basel)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Cancers (Basel)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): cancers
                Title: Cancers
                Publisher: MDPI
                ISSN (Electronic): 2072-6694
                Publication date (Electronic): 02 February 2021
                Publication date Collection: February 2021
                Volume: 13
                Issue: 3
                Electronic Location Identifier: 570
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; m.dibonito@ 123456istitutotumori.na.it
                [2 ]Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; maura.traceydebellis@ 123456istitutotumori.na.it (M.T.D.B.); g.botti@ 123456istitutotumori.na.it (G.B.)
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: m.cantile@ 123456istitutotumori.na.it ; Tel.: +39-081-590-3471; Fax: +39-081-590-3718
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7840-3369
                Article
                Publisher ID: cancers-13-00570
                DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030570
                PMC ID: 7867281
                PubMed ID: 33540611
                SO-VID: 80f55ad8-7c0b-4141-8b6a-c4a1d0104c5b
                Copyright © © 2021 by the authors.
                License:

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 31 December 2020
                Date accepted : 28 January 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: lncrna hotair,mirnas,cancer progression
                Data availability:
                Keywords: lncrna hotair, mirnas, cancer progression

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