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      Metal artifacts reduction in computed tomography: A phantom study to compare the effectiveness of metal artifact reduction algorithm, model-based iterative reconstruction, and virtual monochromatic imaging

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          Abstract

          The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a metal artifact reduction algorithm (MAR), model-based iterative reconstruction (MBIR), and virtual monochromatic imaging (VMI) for reducing metal artifacts in CT imaging.

          A phantom study was performed for quantitatively evaluating the dark bands and fine streak artifacts generated by unilateral hip prostheses. Images were obtained by conventional scanning at 120 kilovolt peak, and reconstructed using filtered back projection, MAR, and MBIR. Furthermore, virtual monochromatic images (VMIs) at 70 kilo-electron volts (keV) and 140 keV with/without use of MAR were obtained by dual-energy CT. The extents and mean CT values of the dark bands and the differences in the standard deviations and location parameters of the fine streak artifacts evaluated by the Gumbel method in the images obtained by each of the methods were statistically compared by analyses of variance.

          Significant reduction of the extent of the dark bands was observed in the images reconstructed using MAR than in those not reconstructed using MAR (all, P < .01). Images obtained by VMI at 70 keV and 140 keV with use of MAR showed significantly increased mean CT values of the dark bands as compared to those obtained by reconstructions without use of MAR (all, <.01). Significant reduction of the difference in the standard deviations used to evaluate fine streak artifacts was observed in each of the image sets obtained with VMI at 140 keV with/without MAR and conventional CT with MBIR as compared to the images obtained using other methods (all, P < .05), except between VMI at 140 keV without MAR and conventional CT with MAR. The location parameter to evaluate fine streak artifacts was significantly reduced in CT images obtained using MBIR and in images obtained by VMI at 140 keV with/without MAR as compared to those obtained using other reconstruction methods (all, P < .01).

          In our present study, MAR appeared to be the most effective reconstruction method for reducing dark bands in CT images, and MBIR and VMI at 140 keV appeared to the most effective for reducing streak artifacts.

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          Most cited references35

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          Artifacts in CT: recognition and avoidance.

          Julia F Barrett, Nicholas Keat (2004)
          Artifacts can seriously degrade the quality of computed tomographic (CT) images, sometimes to the point of making them diagnostically unusable. To optimize image quality, it is necessary to understand why artifacts occur and how they can be prevented or suppressed. CT artifacts originate from a range of sources. Physics-based artifacts result from the physical processes involved in the acquisition of CT data. Patient-based artifacts are caused by such factors as patient movement or the presence of metallic materials in or on the patient. Scanner-based artifacts result from imperfections in scanner function. Helical and multisection technique artifacts are produced by the image reconstruction process. Design features incorporated into modern CT scanners minimize some types of artifacts, and some can be partially corrected by the scanner software. However, in many instances, careful patient positioning and optimum selection of scanning parameters are the most important factors in avoiding CT artifacts. (c) RSNA, 2004.
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            Artefacts in CBCT: a review.

            U Heil, U Schwanecke, D Bruellmann … (2011)
            Artefacts are common in today's cone beam CT (CBCT). They are induced by discrepancies between the mathematical modelling and the actual physical imaging process. Since artefacts may interfere with the diagnostic process performed on CBCT data sets, every user should be aware of their presence. This article aims to discuss the most prominent artefacts identified in the scientific literature and review the existing knowledge on these artefacts. We also briefly review the basic three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction concept applied by today's CBCT scanners, as all artefacts are more or less directly related to it.
            Article 0 comments Cited 139 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Metal artifact reduction by dual energy computed tomography using monoenergetic extrapolation.

              Fabian Bamberg, Konstantin Nikolaou, Tracy A Dierks … (2011)
              The aim of the study was to assess the performance and diagnostic value of a dual energy CT approach to reduce metal artefacts in subjects with metallic implants. 31 patients were examined in the area of their metallic implants using a dual energy CT protocol (filtered 140 kVp and 100 kVp spectrum, tube current relation: 3:1). Specific post-processing was applied to generate energies of standard 120 and 140 kVp spectra as well as a filtered 140 kVp spectrum with mean photon energies of 64, 69 and 88 keV, respectively, and an optimized hard spectrum of 95-150 keV. Image quality and diagnostic value were subjectively and objectively determined. Image quality was rated superior to the standard image in 29/31 high energy reconstructions; the diagnostic value was rated superior in 27 patients. Image quality and diagnostic value scores improved significantly from 3.5 to 2.1 and from 3.6 to 1.9, respectively. In several exams decisive diagnostic features were only discernible in the high energy reconstructions. The density of the artefacts decreased from -882 to -341 HU. Dual Energy CT with specific postprocessing can reduce metal artefacts and may significantly enhance diagnostic value in the evaluation of metallic implants.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Medicine (Baltimore)
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Medicine (Baltimore)
                Journal ID (publisher-id): MEDI
                Title: Medicine
                Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins (Hagerstown, MD )
                ISSN (Print): 0025-7974
                ISSN (Electronic): 1536-5964
                Publication date Collection: 11 December 2020
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 December 2020
                Volume: 99
                Issue: 50
                Electronic Location Identifier: e23692
                Affiliations
                Department of Radiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, 2-1-10 Nishiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Correspondence: Shigeru Suzuki, Department of Radiology, Tokyo Women's Medical University Medical Center East, 2-1-10 Nishiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8567, Japan (e-mail: shig.suz@ 123456gmail.com ).
                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4198-9201
                Article
                Publisher ID: MD-D-20-07172 Accession ID: 23692
                DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000023692
                PMC ID: 7738054
                SO-VID: 80ddc5da-3eb4-4fd9-9533-33e1d6386007
                Copyright © Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial License 4.0 (CCBY-NC), where it is permissible to download, share, remix, transform, and buildup the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be used commercially without permission from the journal. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

                History
                Date received : 21 July 2020
                Date revision received : 19 October 2020
                Date accepted : 14 November 2020
                Categories
                Subject: 6800
                Subject: Research Article
                Subject: Quality Improvement Study
                Custom metadata
                OPEN-ACCESS TRUE

                Keywords: computed tomography,metal artifact reduction,metal artifacts,model-based iterative reconstruction,virtual monochromatic imaging
                Data availability:
                Keywords: computed tomography, metal artifact reduction, metal artifacts, model-based iterative reconstruction, virtual monochromatic imaging

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