There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

A systematic review may encompass both odds ratios and mean differences in continuous outcomes. A separate meta-analysis of each type of outcome results in loss of information and may be misleading. It is shown that a ln(odds ratio) can be converted to effect size by dividing by 1.81. The validity of effect size, the estimate of interest divided by the residual standard deviation, depends on comparable variation across studies. If researchers routinely report residual standard deviation, any subsequent review can combine both odds ratios and effect sizes in a single meta-analysis when this is justified. Copyright 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Related collections

Most cited references 3

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Reduced heart rate variability and new-onset hypertension: insights into pathogenesis of hypertension: the Framingham Heart Study.

Jagmeet P. Singh, Martin Larson, Hisako Tsuji … (1998)

Heart rate variability (HRV) is a useful noninvasive tool to assess cardiac autonomic function. The purpose of this study was to (1) compare measures of HRV between hypertensive and normotensive subjects and (2) examine the role of HRV as a predictor of new-onset hypertension. The first 2 hours of ambulatory ECG recordings obtained from 931 men and 1111 women attending a routine examination at the Framingham Heart Study were processed for HRV. Three time-domain and 5 frequency-domain variables were studied: standard deviation of normal RR intervals (SDNN), percentage of differences between adjacent normal RR intervals exceeding 50 milliseconds, square root of the mean of squared differences between adjacent normal RR intervals, total power (0.01 to 0.40 Hz), high frequency power (HF, 0.15 to 0.40 Hz), low frequency power (LF, 0.04 to 0.15 Hz), very low frequency power (0.01 to 0.04 Hz), and LF/HF ratio. On cross-sectional analysis, HRV was significantly lower in hypertensive men and women. Among 633 men and 801 women who were normotensive at baseline (systolic blood pressure <140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure <90 mm Hg and not receiving antihypertensive treatment), 119 men and 125 women were newly hypertensive at follow-up 4 years later. After adjustment for factors associated with hypertension, multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that LF was associated with incident hypertension in men (odds ratio per SD decrement [OR], 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 1.83) but not in women (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.46). SDNN, HF, and LF/HF were not associated with hypertension in either sex. HRV is reduced in men and women with systemic hypertension. Among normotensive men, lower HRV was associated with greater risk for developing hypertension. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that autonomic dysregulation is present in the early stage of hypertension.

0 comments Cited 70 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Efficacy of tricyclic drugs in treating child and adolescent depression: a meta-analysis.

Elizabeth J. Robertson, D Heathcote, Michael Henry … (1995)

To examine whether tricyclic antidepressants are superior to placebo in the treatment of child and adolescent depression. Meta-analysis of 12 randomised controlled trials comparing the efficacy of tricyclic antidepressants with placebo in depressed subjects aged 6-18 years. Most studies employed several depression rating scales. For each study the "best available" measure was chosen by using objective criteria, and individual and pooled effect sizes were calculated as the number of standard deviations by which the change scores for the treatment groups exceeded those for the control groups. Where authors had reported numbers "responding" to treatment we calculated individual and pooled ratios for the odds of improvement in treated compared with control subjects. From the six studies presenting data which enabled an estimation of effect size the pooled effect size was 0.35 standard deviations (95% confidence interval of -0.16 to 0.86) indicating no significant benefit of treatment. From the five studies presenting data on the number of "responders" in each group, the ratio of the odds of a response in the treated compared with the control subjects was calculated and the pooled odds ratio was 1.08 (95% confidence interval of 0.53 to 2.17); again indicating no significant benefit of treatment. The pooled sample had more than an 80% chance of detecting a treatment effect of 0.5 standard deviations or greater. There was an inverse relation between study quality and estimated treatment effect. Tricyclic antidepressants appear to be no more effective than placebo in the treatment of depression in children and adolescents.

0 comments Cited 30 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

House dust mite control measures in the management of asthma: meta-analysis.

Cynthia M Burr, C Hammarquist, Peter C. Gøtzsche (1998)

To determine whether patients with asthma who are sensitive to mites benefit from measures designed to reduce their exposure to house dust mite antigen in the home. Meta-analysis of randomised trials that investigated the effects on asthma patients of chemical or physical measures to control mites, or both, in comparison with an untreated control group. All trials in any language were eligible for inclusion. Patients with bronchial asthma as diagnosed by a doctor and sensitisation to mites as determined by skin prick testing, bronchial provocation testing, or serum assays for specific IgE antibodies. Number of patients whose allergic symptoms improved, improvement in asthma symptoms, improvement in peak expiratory flow rate. Outcomes measured on different scales were combined using the standardised effect size method (the difference in effect was divided by the standard deviation of the measurements). 23 studies were included in the meta-analysis; 6 studies used chemical methods to reduce exposure to mites, 13 used physical methods, and 4 used a combination. Altogether, 41/113 patients exposed to treatment interventions improved compared with 38/117 in the control groups (odds ratio 1.20, 95% confidence interval 0.66 to 2.18). The standardised mean difference for improvement in asthma symptoms was -0.06 (95% confidence interval -0.54 to 0.41). For peak flow rate measured in the morning the standardised mean difference was -0.03 (-0.25 to 0.19). As measured in the original units this difference between the treatment and the control group corresponds to -3 l/min (95% confidence interval -25 l/min to 19 l/min). The results were similar in the subgroups of trials that reported successful reduction in exposure to mites or had long follow up times. Current chemical and physical methods aimed at reducing exposure to allergens from house dust mites seem to be ineffective and cannot be recommended as prophylactic treatment for asthma patients sensitive to mites.

0 comments Cited 24 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Journal

PubMed ID:: 11113947

DOI:: 10.1002/1097-0258(20001130)19:22<3127::AID-SIM784>3.0.CO;2-M

ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry

Keywords: Animals,Asthma,prevention & control,Dust,adverse effects,Humans,Meta-Analysis as Topic,Mites,Odds Ratio

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Chemistry

Keywords: Animals, Asthma, prevention & control, Dust, adverse effects, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Mites, Odds Ratio

A simple method for converting an odds ratio to effect size for use in meta-analysis.

Read this article at

Abstract

Related collections

Synthesis of 2-trifluoromethylated piperidines and azepanes

Most cited references 3

Reduced heart rate variability and new-onset hypertension: insights into pathogenesis of hypertension: the Framingham Heart Study.

Efficacy of tricyclic drugs in treating child and adolescent depression: a meta-analysis.

House dust mite control measures in the management of asthma: meta-analysis.

Author and article information

Journal

Comments

Comment on this article

Similar content 249

Cited by 386

Most referenced authors 36