Comparing the effects of smartphone-based and face-to-face pulmonary rehabilitation education on caregiver burden and quality of life among the family caregivers of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled field trial

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Abstract

Background

Functional limitation among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD) and their dependence on their family caregivers (FCs) can significantly increase caregiver burden (CB) and reduce the quality of life (QOL) among FCs. Education of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) to FCs is a strategy with potential positive effects on CB. This study was conducted to compare the effects of smartphone-based and face-to-face (FTF) PR education on CB and QOL among the FCs of patients with COPD.

Methods

This randomized controlled field trial was conducted in 2021–2022. Participants were purposefully selected from the PR unit of Khorshid comprehensive respiratory care clinic in Isfahan, Iran, and randomly allocated to a control and an intervention group. Participants in the control group received PR education in twelve 30–60-min FTF sessions held twice weekly in six consecutive weeks. Their counterparts in the intervention group received PR education for 6 weeks through an android application. The Zarit Burden Interview and the 12-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12) were used for data collection before and immediately after the study intervention. The SPSS software (v. 24.0) was used to analyze the data through the independent-sample t, paired-sample t, chi-square, and Fisher’s exact tests.

Results

The means of participants’ age was 47.7 ± 13.8 years in the control group and 44.1 ± 14.8 years in the intervention group. Most participants in these groups were female (82.9% vs. 71.4%). The pretest mean scores of CB and QOL were respectively 50.77 ± 10.64 and 27.82 ± 3.9 in the control group and 49.77 ± 7.65 and 26.71 ± 3.5 in the intervention group with no significant between-group difference ( P > 0.05). At the posttest, these values were respectively 51.57 ± 7.32 and 27.74 ± 3.28 in the control group and 37.31 ± 6.95 and 34.37 ± 2.8 in the intervention group, and between-group differences were significant (P < 0.05). The mean scores of CB and QOL did not significantly change in the control group ( P > 0.05), but respectively decreased and increased significantly in the intervention group ( P < 0.05).

Conclusions

Smartphone-based PR education is effective in significantly decreasing CB and improving QOL among the FCs of patients with COPD.

Trial registration

Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20161203031200N3

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Most cited references 39

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Global, regional, and national prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 2019: a systematic review and modelling analysis

Davies Adeloye, Peige Song, Yajie Zhu … (2022)

Summary Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an increasingly important cause of morbidity, disability, and mortality worldwide. We aimed to estimate global, regional, and national COPD prevalence and risk factors to guide policy and population interventions. Methods For this systematic review and modelling study, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, and CINAHL, for population-based studies on COPD prevalence published between Jan 1, 1990, and Dec 31, 2019. We included data reported using the two main case definitions: the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease fixed ratio (GOLD; FEV1/FVC<0·7) and the lower limit of normal (LLN; FEV1/FVC

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2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

(2016)

This report describes the public health impact of Alzheimer's disease, including incidence and prevalence, mortality rates, costs of care, and the overall impact on caregivers and society. It also examines in detail the financial impact of Alzheimer's on families, including annual costs to families and the difficult decisions families must often make to pay those costs. An estimated 5.4 million Americans have Alzheimer's disease. By mid-century, the number of people living with Alzheimer's disease in the United States is projected to grow to 13.8 million, fueled in large part by the aging baby boom generation. Today, someone in the country develops Alzheimer's disease every 66 seconds. By 2050, one new case of Alzheimer's is expected to develop every 33 seconds, resulting in nearly 1 million new cases per year. In 2013, official death certificates recorded 84,767 deaths from Alzheimer's disease, making it the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and the fifth leading cause of death in Americans age ≥ 65 years. Between 2000 and 2013, deaths resulting from stroke, heart disease, and prostate cancer decreased 23%, 14%, and 11%, respectively, whereas deaths from Alzheimer's disease increased 71%. The actual number of deaths to which Alzheimer's disease contributes is likely much larger than the number of deaths from Alzheimer's disease recorded on death certificates. In 2016, an estimated 700,000 Americans age ≥ 65 years will die with Alzheimer's disease, and many of them will die because of the complications caused by Alzheimer's disease. In 2015, more than 15 million family members and other unpaid caregivers provided an estimated 18.1 billion hours of care to people with Alzheimer's and other dementias, a contribution valued at more than $221 billion. Average per-person Medicare payments for services to beneficiaries age ≥ 65 years with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias are more than two and a half times as great as payments for all beneficiaries without these conditions, and Medicaid payments are 19 times as great. Total payments in 2016 for health care, long-term care and hospice services for people age ≥ 65 years with dementia are estimated to be $236 billion. The costs of Alzheimer's care may place a substantial financial burden on families, who often have to take money out of their retirement savings, cut back on buying food, and reduce their own trips to the doctor. In addition, many family members incorrectly believe that Medicare pays for nursing home care and other types of long-term care. Such findings highlight the need for solutions to prevent dementia-related costs from jeopardizing the health and financial security of the families of people with Alzheimer's and other dementias.

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Caregiver burden: A concept analysis

Zhu Liu, Catrina Heffernan, Jie Tan (2020)

Objective Caregiver burden is used frequently within the nursing literature. It has not yet been clearly defined as there are different opinions regarding this concept. The purpose of this paper is to provide clarity surrounding the concept caregiver burden. Methods An electronic search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Health Source Nursing/Academic Edition and Academic Search Complete (ASC) of EBSCO, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Google Scholar were searched with a limit of 10 years and published in the English or Chinese language. The paper adopted the framework by Walker and Avant. The attributes, antecedents, consequences and uses of the concept were identified. Results At total of 33 articles were included. The three attributes of caregiver burden were identified as self-perception, multifaceted strain, and over time. The antecedents included insufficient financial resources, multiple responsibility conflict, lack of social activities. The consequences of caregiver burden resulted in negative change which included decreased care provision, decrease in quality of life, physical and psychological health deterioration. Conclusion A definition of caregiver burden was developed. Tools to measure caregiver burden were identified. The findings from this analysis can be used in nursing practice, nursing education, research and administration.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Mobina Bahadori: www.mobina.bh.ir@gmail.com

Ramin Sami:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7521-4631

r.sami@med.mui.ac.ir

Shahla Abolhassani:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-7586

abolhasani@nm.mui.ac.ir

Vajihe Atashi:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0054-0010

vajiheatashi@nm.mui.ac.ir

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Trials

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Trials

Title: Trials

Publisher: BioMed Central (London )

ISSN (Electronic): 1745-6215

Publication date (Electronic): 22 March 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 22 March 2023

Publication date Collection: 2023

Volume: 24

Electronic Location Identifier: 212

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.411036.1, ISNI 0000 0001 1498 685X, School of Nursing and Midwifery, , Isfahan University of Medical Science, ; Isfahan, Iran

[2 ]GRID grid.411036.1, ISNI 0000 0001 1498 685X, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, , Isfahan University of Medical Science, ; Isfahan, Iran

[3 ]GRID grid.411036.1, ISNI 0000 0001 1498 685X, Adult Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, , Isfahan University of Medical Science, ; Isfahan, Iran

[4 ]GRID grid.411036.1, ISNI 0000 0001 1498 685X, Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Adult Health Nursing Department, School of Nursing and Midwifery, , Isfahan University of Medical Science, ; Isfahan, Iran

Author information

Ramin Sami http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7521-4631

Shahla Abolhassani http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5191-7586

Vajihe Atashi http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0054-0010

Article

Publisher ID: 7239

DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07239-7

PMC ID: 10032255

PubMed ID: 36949531

SO-VID: 79c67800-eaeb-4546-a192-d952bd3ca34b

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

History

Date received : 9 November 2022

Date accepted : 13 March 2023

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003970, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences;

Award ID: 3400398

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,smartphone-based education,family caregiver,caregiver burden,quality of life

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ScienceOpen disciplines: Medicine

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, smartphone-based education, family caregiver, caregiver burden, quality of life

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Comparing the effects of smartphone-based and face-to-face pulmonary rehabilitation education on caregiver burden and quality of life among the family caregivers of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled field trial

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Biomarkers for Inflammatory Lung Disease

Most cited references 39

Global, regional, and national prevalence of, and risk factors for, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in 2019: a systematic review and modelling analysis

2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures

Caregiver burden: A concept analysis

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