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      Intervención para modificar hábitos alimentarios en los refrigerios de escolares de una ciudad fronteriza México / Estados Unidos

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          El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de una intervención en educación nutricional como estrategia para modificar la calidad de los refrigerios escolares de acuerdo con los estándares gubernamentales. Se evaluaron alumnos de 12 escuelas primarias públicas de nivel socioeconómico medio. Se formó un grupo intervención (GI) y un grupo control (GC), con seguimiento durante dos años. En ambos grupos se tomaron mediciones de peso, estatura y circunferencia de cintura. Se registró, durante cinco días consecutivos, los alimentos incluidos en la lonchera de los niños, previa firma de un consentimiento informado de los padres. Durante la intervención se realizaron pláticas sobre alimentación en el salón de clase para los escolares y a los padres de familia se les entregaron folletos sobre recomendaciones de un refrigerio adecuado. En el GC solo se entregaron folletos sin tener contacto con alumnos y padres de familia. Al final de la intervención, el GI disminuyó calorías ( p = 0.001), proteínas ( p = 0.01), carbohidratos ( p = 0.008) y azúcar ( p = 0.0001); mientras que en el GC disminuyó el contenido de carbohidratos y azúcar. Además, el GI aumentó el consumo de cereales integrales, verduras, frijoles y pan integral. En conclusión, la escuela es el lugar ideal para realizar intervenciones a largo plazo, sin embargo, es necesario promover la incorporación de profesionales de la salud (nutriólogos) con programas y actividades planeadas durante los seis años de primaria.

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          Evaluation of an eHealth intervention aiming to promote healthy food habits from infancy -the Norwegian randomized controlled trial Early Food for Future Health

          Background Strategies to optimize early-life nutrition provide an important opportunity for primary prevention of childhood obesity. Interventions that can be efficiently scaled-up to the magnitude needed for sustainable childhood obesity prevention are needed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an eHealth intervention on parental feeding practices and infant eating behaviors. Methods The Norwegian study Early Food for Future Health is a randomized controlled trial. Parents were recruited via social media and child health clinics during spring 2016 when their child was aged 3 to 5 months. In total 718 parents completed a web-based baseline questionnaire at child age 5.5 months. The intervention group had access to a webpage with monthly short video clips addressing specific infant feeding topics and age-appropriate baby food recipes from child age 6 to 12 months. The control group received routine care. The primary outcomes were child eating behaviors, dietary intake, mealtime routines and maternal feeding practices and feeding styles. The secondary outcomes were child anthropometry. This paper reports outcomes at child age 12 months. Results More than 80% of the intervention group reported viewing all/most of the video clips addressing infant feeding topics and indicated that the films were well adapted to the child’s age and easy to understand. Children in the intervention group were served vegetables/fruits more frequently (p = 0.035) and had tasted a wider variety of vegetables (p = 0.015) compared to controls. They were also more likely to eat family breakfast (p = 0.035) and dinner (p = 0.011) and less likely to be playing or watching TV/tablet during meals (p = 0.009) compared to control-group children. We found no group differences for child anthropometry or maternal feeding practices. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the eHealth intervention is an appropriate and feasible tool to propagate information on healthy infant feeding to Norwegian mothers. Our study also suggests that anticipatory guidance on early protective feeding practices by such a tool may increase young children’s daily vegetable/fruit intake and promote beneficial mealtime routines. Trial registration ISRCTN, ISRCTN13601567. Registered 29 February 2016, http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN13601567 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12966-018-0763-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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            The effect of a cluster randomised control trial on objectively measured sedentary time and parental reports of time spent in sedentary activities in Belgian preschoolers: the ToyBox-study

            Background In preschoolers, high levels of sedentary behaviour are associated with several adverse health outcomes. The purpose of this study is to report the effects of the ToyBox-intervention (a European 24-week cluster randomised controlled trial) on sedentary behaviour in preschoolers. Methods In Belgium, 859 preschoolers from 27 kindergartens (15 intervention and 12 control) wore an accelerometer to objectively measure their sedentary time and 1715 parents/caregivers completed a questionnaire to assess sedentary activities in which preschoolers participate at home. Main outcomes were objectively measured sedentary time, time spent watching TV, using the computer and time spent in quiet play. Multilevel repeated measures analyses were conducted to take clustering into account. Intention to treat analysis was used to handle missing data. Results A sample of 859 (29.5 % of all contacted children) preschoolers (4.4 ± 0.6 years, 54.4 % boys) provided valid accelerometer data at either baseline or follow-up and parents of 1715 (58.9 % of all contacted children) preschoolers (4.4 ± 0.5 years, 52.5 % boys) completed a questionnaire at either baseline or follow-up. No intervention effects were found on objectively and subjectively measured total sedentary time in the total sample. However, some effects on objectively and subjectively measured sedentary time were found in specific subgroups. Preschoolers from the intervention group from high SES kindergartens and preschoolers with high levels of sedentary time at baseline decreased their sedentary time, while preschoolers from the control group increased their sedentary time. Girls in the intervention group decreased their TV viewing time during weekend days (-5.83 min/day), while girls’ &TV viewing in the control group increased (+4.15 min/day). In low SES kindergartens, a smaller increase for computer time during weekend days was found in preschoolers in intervention kindergartens (+6.06 min/day) than in control kindergartens (+12.49 min/day). Conclusion While some small positive effects were found in some sub-groups, the ToyBox-intervention had no effect on objectively and subjectively measured sedentary time in the total sample. A longer period to implement the intervention and a more active involvement of parents/caregivers might enhance intervention effects. The ToyBox-study is registered with the clinical trials registry clinicaltrials.gov, ID: NCT02116296.
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              Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2018–19. Resultados nacionales

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Glob Health Promot
                Glob Health Promot
                PED
                spped
                Global Health Promotion
                SAGE Publications (Sage UK: London, England )
                1757-9759
                1757-9767
                6 January 2022
                September 2022
                : 29
                : 3
                : 178-187
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Departamento de Seguridad Alimentaria, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, México
                [2 ]Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Facultad de Medicina y Psicología, Tijuana, Baja California, México
                Author notes
                [*]Octelina Castillo Ruíz, Departamento de Seguridad Alimentaria, Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Reynosa-Aztlán, Calle 16 y Lago de Chapala S / N, Col. Aztlán, Reynosa, Tamaulipas, CP 88740, México. Correo electrónico: octecastillox@ 123456hotmail.com
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1701-7592
                Article
                10.1177_17579759211062134
                10.1177/17579759211062134
                9607896
                34989277
                76ddbaae-d229-4c93-b05d-a471e57074c0
                © The Author(s) 2022

                This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages ( https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

                History
                : 16 March 2021
                : 25 October 2021
                Funding
                Funded by: Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, FundRef https://doi.org/10.13039/501100003141;
                Award ID: U1111-1160-8672
                Categories
                Artículos Originales
                Custom metadata
                ts1

                Health & Social care
                educacion nutricional,estado nutricional,edad escolar,refrigerios escolares,promoción de la salud

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