Recent advances in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as a smart sensing material

Author(s): Xigui Liu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Danlian Huang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Cui Lai ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Guangming Zeng ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Lei Qin ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Han Wang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Huan Yi ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Bisheng Li ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Shiyu Liu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Mingming Zhang ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Rui Deng ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Yukui Fu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Ling Li ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Wenjing Xue ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Sha Chen ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵

Publication date (Electronic): 2019

Journal: Chemical Society Reviews

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Abstract

Recent advances in covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as a smart sensing material are summarized and highlighted.

Abstract

As a newly emerging kind of porous material, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have drawn much attention because of their fascinating structural features ( e.g., divinable structure, adjustable porosity and total organic backbone). Since the seminal work of Yaghi and co-workers reported in 2005, the COF materials have shown superior potential in diverse applications, such as gas storage, adsorption, optoelectronics, catalysis, etc. Recently, COF materials have shown a new trend in sensing fields. This critical review briefly describes the synthesis routes for COF powders and thin films. What's more, the most fascinating and significant applications of COFs in sensing fields including explosive sensing, humidity sensing, pH detection, biosensing, gas sensing, metal ion sensing, and other substance sensing are summarized and highlighted. Finally, the major challenges and future trends of COFs with respect to their preparation and sensing applications are discussed.

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Porous, crystalline, covalent organic frameworks.

Adrien P Côté, Annabelle I Benin, Nathan W Ockwig … (2005)

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been designed and successfully synthesized by condensation reactions of phenyl diboronic acid {C6H4[B(OH)2]2} and hexahydroxytriphenylene [C18H6(OH)6]. Powder x-ray diffraction studies of the highly crystalline products (C3H2BO)6.(C9H12)1 (COF-1) and C9H4BO2 (COF-5) revealed expanded porous graphitic layers that are either staggered (COF-1, P6(3)/mmc) or eclipsed (COF-5, P6/mmm). Their crystal structures are entirely held by strong bonds between B, C, and O atoms to form rigid porous architectures with pore sizes ranging from 7 to 27 angstroms. COF-1 and COF-5 exhibit high thermal stability (to temperatures up to 500 degrees to 600 degrees C), permanent porosity, and high surface areas (711 and 1590 square meters per gram, respectively).

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Leslie Murray, Mircea Dincă, Jeffrey R Long (2009)

New materials capable of storing hydrogen at high gravimetric and volumetric densities are required if hydrogen is to be widely employed as a clean alternative to hydrocarbon fuels in cars and other mobile applications. With exceptionally high surface areas and chemically-tunable structures, microporous metal-organic frameworks have recently emerged as some of the most promising candidate materials. In this critical review we provide an overview of the current status of hydrogen storage within such compounds. Particular emphasis is given to the relationships between structural features and the enthalpy of hydrogen adsorption, spectroscopic methods for probing framework-H(2) interactions, and strategies for improving storage capacity (188 references).

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Nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics (nanozymes): next-generation artificial enzymes (II)

Jiangjiexing Wu, Xiaoyu Wang, Quan Wang … (2019)

An updated comprehensive review to help researchers understand nanozymes better and in turn to advance the field. Nanozymes are nanomaterials with enzyme-like characteristics ( Chem. Soc. Rev. , 2013, 42 , 6060–6093). They have been developed to address the limitations of natural enzymes and conventional artificial enzymes. Along with the significant advances in nanotechnology, biotechnology, catalysis science, and computational design, great progress has been achieved in the field of nanozymes since the publication of the above-mentioned comprehensive review in 2013. To highlight these achievements, this review first discusses the types of nanozymes and their representative nanomaterials, together with the corresponding catalytic mechanisms whenever available. Then, it summarizes various strategies for modulating the activity and selectivity of nanozymes. After that, the broad applications from biomedical analysis and imaging to theranostics and environmental protection are covered. Finally, the current challenges faced by nanozymes are outlined and the future directions for advancing nanozyme research are suggested. The current review can help researchers know well the current status of nanozymes and may catalyze breakthroughs in this field.