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Abstract
In recent years, studies have advocated neuropeptide systems as modulators for the
behavioral states found in mood disorders such as depression and anxiety disorders.
Neuropeptides have been tested in traditional animal models and screening procedures
that have been validated by known antidepressants and anxiolytics. However, it has
become clear that although these tests are very useful, neuropeptides have distinct
behavioral effects and dose-dependent characteristics, and therefore, use of these
tests with neuropeptides must be done with an understanding of their unique characteristics.
This review will focus on the behavioral actions of neuropeptides and their synthetic
analogs, particularly in studies utilizing various preclinical tests of depression
and anxiety. Specifically, the following neuropeptide systems will be reviewed: corticotropin-releasing
factor (CRF), urocortin (Ucn), teneurin C-terminal associated peptide (TCAP), neuropeptide
Y (NPY), arginine vasopressin (AVP), oxytocin, the Tyr-MIF-1 family, cholecystokinin
(CCK), galanin, and substance P. These neuropeptide systems each have a unique role
in the regulation of stress-like behavior, and therefore provide intriguing therapeutic
targets for mood disorder treatment.
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