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      Successful Fecal Microbiota Transplant Delivered by Foley Catheter Through a Loop Ileostomy in a Patient With Severe Complicated Clostridioides difficile Infection

      case-report
      , DO 1 , , , MD 1 , , MD 2 , , MD 2
      ACG Case Reports Journal
      Wolters Kluwer

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          ABSTRACT

          Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a potentially life-threatening cause of diarrhea that can result in multiple complications. Fulminant CDI that is nonresponsive to antibiotics may require surgical ileostomy or fecal microbiota transplant (FMT). We present a case of a patient with fulminant CDI requiring surgical loop ileostomy who underwent a successful FMT delivered by Foley catheter through the ileostomy with symptom resolution. Delivery of FMT using a foley catheter in a patient with an ileostomy may be safe and effective for patients who are at a higher risk of complications associated with the instillation of FMT through colonoscopy with anesthesia.

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          Most cited references17

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          Clinical Practice Guidelines for Clostridium difficile Infection in Adults and Children: 2017 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA)

          A panel of experts was convened by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) to update the 2010 clinical practice guideline on Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in adults. The update, which has incorporated recommendations for children (following the adult recommendations for epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment), includes significant changes in the management of this infection and reflects the evolving controversy over best methods for diagnosis. Clostridium difficile remains the most important cause of healthcare-associated diarrhea and has become the most commonly identified cause of healthcare-associated infection in adults in the United States. Moreover, C. difficile has established itself as an important community pathogen. Although the prevalence of the epidemic and virulent ribotype 027 strain has declined markedly along with overall CDI rates in parts of Europe, it remains one of the most commonly identified strains in the United States where it causes a sizable minority of CDIs, especially healthcare-associated CDIs. This guideline updates recommendations regarding epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, infection prevention, and environmental management.
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            Oral, capsulized, frozen fecal microbiota transplantation for relapsing Clostridium difficile infection.

            Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has been shown to be effective in treating relapsing or refractory Clostridium difficile infection, but practical barriers and safety concerns have prevented its widespread use.
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              Fecal microbiota transplantation for the treatment of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review.

              By systematic review, we assessed the impact of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) for the treatment of Clostridium difficile (CD)-associated diarrhea. Fecal microbiota microbiota transplantation from a healthy donor into an individual with CD infection (CDI) can resolve symptoms. We conducted systematic searches in PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. The last search was run on February 8, 2013. The following Medical Subject Headings terms and keywords were used alone or in combination: Clostridium difficile; Clostridium infection; pseudomembranous colitis; feces; stools; fecal suspension; fecal transplantation; fecal transfer; fecal infusion; microbiota; bacteriotherapy; enema; nasogastric tube; colonoscopy; gastroscopy; fecal donation; donor. A critical appraisal of the clinical research evidence on the effectiveness and safety of FMT for the treatment of patients with CD-associated diarrhea was made. Twenty full-text case series, 15 case reports, and 1 randomized controlled study were included for the final analysis. Almost all patients treated with donors' fecal infusion experienced recurrent episodes of CD-associated diarrhea despite standard antibiotic treatment. Of a total of 536 patients treated, 467 (87%) experienced resolution of diarrhea. Diarrhea resolution rates varied according to the site of infusion: 81% in the stomach; 86% in the duodenum/jejunum; 93% in the cecum/ascending colon; and 84% in the distal colon. No severe adverse events were reported with the procedure. FMT seems efficacious and safe for the treatment of recurrent CDI. Hospitals should encourage the development of fecal transplantation programs to improve therapy of local patients.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                ACG Case Rep J
                ACG Case Rep J
                ACGCRJ
                AC9
                ACG Case Reports Journal
                Wolters Kluwer (Maryland, MD )
                2326-3253
                July 2022
                12 July 2022
                : 9
                : 7
                : e00801
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Internal Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY
                [2 ]Department of Gastroenterology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY
                Author notes
                Correspondence: Shawn Philip, DO ( shawn.philip316@ 123456gmail.com ).
                Article
                ACGCR-21-0685 00026
                10.14309/crj.0000000000000801
                9278911
                718c6bbe-4f44-48d3-b593-9bf6fd10e5f4
                © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology.

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal.

                History
                : 28 June 2021
                : 20 March 2022
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                Case Report
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