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      Terapia de presión negativa combinada con tracción fascial mediante malla en el tratamiento de la necrosis pancreática infectada. Una nueva opción terapéutica Translated title: Negative pressure therapy in combination with mesh-mediated fascial traction in the treatment of infected pancreatic necrosis. A new therapeutic option

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          Abstract

          Resumen Antecedentes: La pancreatitis aguda representa una de las enfermedades digestivas más frecuentes en todo el mundo, la cual puede complicarse como una pancreatitis aguda necrotizante infectada, que puede necesitar tratamiento con necrosectomía y abdomen abierto, con el riesgo que esto conlleva de aparición de fistula intestinal y hernias incisionales gigantes de difícil tratamiento. Caso clínico: Mujer de 35 años, intervenida de colecistectomía laparoscópica por colecistitis aguda, que es reingresada por ictericia y dolor abdominal 3 días después de su egreso hospitalario. Se realiza laparoscopia diagnóstica, en la que se encuentra y drena un biliperitoneo de 3200 cc secundario a una fuga de muñón del conducto cístico. Así mismo, se practica una colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica (CPRE), con extracción de un lito biliar impactado en el colédoco distal. Presenta como complicación del procedimiento pancreatitis aguda tras la CPRE con necrosis pancreática infectada. Se realiza necrosectomía pancreática abierta con sistema de presión negativa y tracción fascial mediante malla, logrando la resolución del cuadro infeccioso con cierre definitivo de la cavidad abdominal sin presentar hernia incisional ni fistula intestinal posoperatoria. Conclusión: Los pacientes con pancreatitis aguda complicada con necrosis pancreática infectada representan un reto en su tratamiento por la naturaleza grave del padecimiento y la morbilidad asociada. Se presenta una opción terapéutica con el uso combinado de presión negativa (ABThera™) y tracción fascial mediante malla. Con el presente reporte se propone una potencial línea de investigación para determinar su papel en el tratamiento de estos pacientes, así como sus posibles ventajas y complicaciones.

          Translated abstract

          Summary Background: Acute pancreatitis represents one of the most frequent digestive pathologies worldwide, which can be complicated as an infected necrotizing acute pancreatitis, that may require treatment with necrosectomy and open abdomen with the risk that this leads to the appearance of intestinal fistula and giant incisional hernias difficult to manage. Clinical case: A 35-year-old woman underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis, which was re-admitted due to jaundice and abdominal pain 3 days after her hospital discharge. Diagnostic laparoscopy is performed, where a 3200 cc biliperitoneum secondary to a cystic duct stump leak is located and drained. Likewise, an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is performed, with extraction of an impacted bile gallstone in the distal common bile duct. It presents as a complication of the procedure an acute post-ERCP pancreatitis with infected pancreatic necrosis. Open pancreatic necrosectomy was performed with a negative pressure therapy and mesh-mediated fascial traction, achieving resolution of the infectious condition with definitive closure of the abdominal cavity without incisional hernia or postoperative intestinal fistula. Conclusion: Patients with complicated acute pancreatitis with infected pancreatic necrosis represent a challenge in their treatment due to the serious nature of the condition and the morbidity associated with it. A therapeutic option is presented with the combined use of negative pressure therapy (ABThera™) and mesh-mediated fascial traction. With this report we propose a potential line of research to determine its role in the treatment of these patients, as well as their possible advantages and complications.

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          Most cited references15

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          American College of Gastroenterology guideline: management of acute pancreatitis.

          This guideline presents recommendations for the management of patients with acute pancreatitis (AP). During the past decade, there have been new understandings and developments in the diagnosis, etiology, and early and late management of the disease. As the diagnosis of AP is most often established by clinical symptoms and laboratory testing, contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the pancreas should be reserved for patients in whom the diagnosis is unclear or who fail to improve clinically. Hemodynamic status should be assessed immediately upon presentation and resuscitative measures begun as needed. Patients with organ failure and/or the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) should be admitted to an intensive care unit or intermediary care setting whenever possible. Aggressive hydration should be provided to all patients, unless cardiovascular and/or renal comorbidites preclude it. Early aggressive intravenous hydration is most beneficial within the first 12-24 h, and may have little benefit beyond. Patients with AP and concurrent acute cholangitis should undergo endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) within 24 h of admission. Pancreatic duct stents and/or postprocedure rectal nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) suppositories should be utilized to lower the risk of severe post-ERCP pancreatitis in high-risk patients. Routine use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients with severe AP and/or sterile necrosis is not recommended. In patients with infected necrosis, antibiotics known to penetrate pancreatic necrosis may be useful in delaying intervention, thus decreasing morbidity and mortality. In mild AP, oral feedings can be started immediately if there is no nausea and vomiting. In severe AP, enteral nutrition is recommended to prevent infectious complications, whereas parenteral nutrition should be avoided. Asymptomatic pancreatic and/or extrapancreatic necrosis and/or pseudocysts do not warrant intervention regardless of size, location, and/or extension. In stable patients with infected necrosis, surgical, radiologic, and/or endoscopic drainage should be delayed, preferably for 4 weeks, to allow the development of a wall around the necrosis.
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            Complicated intra-abdominal infections worldwide: the definitive data of the CIAOW Study

            The CIAOW study (Complicated intra-abdominal infections worldwide observational study) is a multicenter observational study underwent in 68 medical institutions worldwide during a six-month study period (October 2012-March 2013). The study included patients older than 18 years undergoing surgery or interventional drainage to address complicated intra-abdominal infections (IAIs). 1898 patients with a mean age of 51.6 years (range 18-99) were enrolled in the study. 777 patients (41%) were women and 1,121 (59%) were men. Among these patients, 1,645 (86.7%) were affected by community-acquired IAIs while the remaining 253 (13.3%) suffered from healthcare-associated infections. Intraperitoneal specimens were collected from 1,190 (62.7%) of the enrolled patients. 827 patients (43.6%) were affected by generalized peritonitis while 1071 (56.4%) suffered from localized peritonitis or abscesses. The overall mortality rate was 10.5% (199/1898). According to stepwise multivariate analysis (PR = 0.005 and PE = 0.001), several criteria were found to be independent variables predictive of mortality, including patient age (OR = 1.1; 95%CI = 1.0-1.1; p < 0.0001), the presence of small bowel perforation (OR = 2.8; 95%CI = 1.5-5.3; p < 0.0001), a delayed initial intervention (a delay exceeding 24 hours) (OR = 1.8; 95%CI = 1.5-3.7; p < 0.0001), ICU admission (OR = 5.9; 95%CI = 3.6-9.5; p < 0.0001) and patient immunosuppression (OR = 3.8; 95%CI = 2.1-6.7; p < 0.0001).
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              The open abdomen in trauma and non-trauma patients: WSES guidelines

              Damage control resuscitation may lead to postoperative intra-abdominal hypertension or abdominal compartment syndrome. These conditions may result in a vicious, self-perpetuating cycle leading to severe physiologic derangements and multiorgan failure unless interrupted by abdominal (surgical or other) decompression. Further, in some clinical situations, the abdomen cannot be closed due to the visceral edema, the inability to control the compelling source of infection or the necessity to re-explore (as a “planned second-look” laparotomy) or complete previously initiated damage control procedures or in cases of abdominal wall disruption. The open abdomen in trauma and non-trauma patients has been proposed to be effective in preventing or treating deranged physiology in patients with severe injuries or critical illness when no other perceived options exist. Its use, however, remains controversial as it is resource consuming and represents a non-anatomic situation with the potential for severe adverse effects. Its use, therefore, should only be considered in patients who would most benefit from it. Abdominal fascia-to-fascia closure should be done as soon as the patient can physiologically tolerate it. All precautions to minimize complications should be implemented.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                cicr
                Cirugía y cirujanos
                Cir. cir.
                Academia Mexicana de Cirugía A.C. (Ciudad de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico )
                0009-7411
                2444-054X
                April 2019
                : 87
                : 2
                : 219-223
                Affiliations
                [1] Ciudad de México orgnameHospital Dr. Manuel Gea González orgdiv1Departamento de Cirugía General y Endoscópica México
                [2] Ciudad de México orgnameHospital Dr. Rubén Leñero orgdiv1Departamento de Cirugía General México
                Article
                S2444-054X2019000200219 S2444-054X(19)08700200219
                10.24875/ciru.18000472
                70b904f8-7353-4d78-8043-a157df38181b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 23 June 2018
                : 20 May 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Casos clínicos

                Hernia incisional,ABThera™,Terapia de presión negativa,Tracción fascial mediante malla,Pancreatitis aguda necrotizante,Abdomen abierto,Incisional hernia,Negative pressure therapy,Mesh-mediated fascial traction,Acute necrotizing pancreatitis,Open abdomen

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