Crystal-Plasticity-Finite-Element Modeling of the Quasi-Static and Dynamic Response of a Directionally Solidified Nickel-Base Superalloy

Abstract

The flow stress behaviour of a directionally solidified nickel-base superalloy, MAR-M247, is presented through the combination of experiments and crystal-plasticity simulations. The experimental campaign encompassed quasi-static and dynamic testing in the parallel and perpendicular orientation with respect to the columnar grains. The material showed low strain-rate sensitivity in all cases. Virtual samples were generated with DREAM3d and each grain orientation was established according to the DS nature of the alloy. The elasto-visco-plastic response of each crystal is given by phenomenological-base equations, considering the dislocation–dislocation interactions among different slip systems. The hardening-function constants and the strain-rate sensitivity parameter were fitted with the information from tests parallel to the grain-growth direction and the model was able to predict with accuracy the experimental response in the perpendicular direction, confirming the suitability of the model to be used as a tool for virtual testing. Simulations also revealed that in oligocrystalline structures of this type, the yield-strength value is controlled by the grains with higher Schmid factor, while this influence decreases when plastic strain increases. Moreover, the analysis of the micro-fields confirmed that grains perpendicular to the loading axis are prone to nucleate cavities since the stresses in these regions can be twice the external applied stress.