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      Developing substance misuse services in United Arab Emirates: the National Rehabilitation Centre experience

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          Abstract

          In 2001 a directive was issued to establish the National Rehabilitation Centre (NRC) to deal with the growing problem of substance misuse in the United Arab Emirates. The NRC has achieved many goals as a treatment and rehabilitation facility as well as a drug and alcohol demand reduction response centre. It is now working towards being an international centre of excellence.

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          Historical and cultural aspects of man's relationship with addictive drugs

          Marc-Antoine Crocq (2007)
          Our taste for addictive psychoactive substances is attested to in the earliest human records. Historically, psychoactive substances have been used by (i) priests in religious ceremonies (eg, amanita muscaria); (ii) healers for medicinal purposes (eg, opium); or (iii) the general population in a socially approved way (eg, alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine). Our forebears refined more potent compounds and devised faster routes of administration, which contributed to abuse. Pathological use was described as early as classical Antiquity. The issue of loss of control of the substance, heralding today's concept of addiction, was already being discussed in the 17th century. The complex etiology of addiction is reflected in the frequent pendulum swings between opposing attitudes on issues that are still currently being debated, such as: is addiction a sin or a disease; should treatment be moral or medical; is addiction caused by the substance; the individual's vulnerability and psychology, or social factors; should substances be regulated or freely available.
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            An intensive outpatient approach for cocaine abuse treatment. The Matrix model.

            R A Rawson, S J Shoptaw, J L Obert … (2015)
            The Matrix model of outpatient treatment was developed during the 1980s in response to an overwhelming demand for cocaine abuse treatment services. The model was constructed using components based upon empirically supported findings from the substance abuse research field. Over the course of development, data were collected on the treatment model and the model was modified based upon empirical evaluation. A pilot study comparing the Matrix outpatient model with an inpatient hospital treatment program produced preliminary support for the clinical utility of the model. An open trial comparing publicly and privately funded patients demonstrated that patients with fewer resources were more difficult to engage and retain in this model of outpatient treatment. In a controlled trial, a clear positive relationship was documented between duration and amount of treatment involvement in the Matrix model and positive outcome at 1 year. Due to a variety of methodological issues, the study was not able to answer definitively the question of clinical efficacy. In all of these studies, patients treated with the Matrix model demonstrated statistically significant reductions in drug and alcohol use and improvements in psychological indicators. This body of work, along with the public acceptance the model has received in the treatment community, support the usefulness of this intensive outpatient approach for cocaine abuse. Further research is underway to provide additional controlled information on the value of this treatment approach.
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              The use of drugs in the Islamic world.

              T Baasher (1981)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): BJPsych Int
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): BJPsych Int
                Journal ID (publisher-id): BJPI
                Title: BJPsych International
                Publisher: The Royal College of Psychiatrists
                ISSN (Print): 2056-4740
                ISSN (Electronic): 2058-6264
                Publication date (Electronic): 01 November 2017
                Publication date Collection: November 2017
                Volume: 14
                Issue: 4
                Pages: 92-96
                Affiliations
                [1 ]National Rehabilitation Centre, Abu Dhabi
                [2 ]National Rehabilitation Centre, Abu Dhabi; United Arab Emirates University; King’s College London, UK, email shamil.wanigaratne@ 123456kcl.ac.uk
                Article
                Publisher ID: BJPI-14-92
                DOI: 10.1192/S2056474000002105
                PMC ID: 5663023
                PubMed ID: 29093960
                SO-VID: 6df8cc86-43ce-4dea-a9b6-e44ddd870db1
                Copyright © © 2017 The Royal College of Psychiatrists
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Non-Commercial, No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

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                Subject: Special Paper

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