Resumen Este trabajo tiene por objetivo presentar una contribución a los estudios fenomenológicos sobre la vulnerabilidad desde una perspectiva filosófica particular, la perspectiva fenomenológico-existencialista de Jean-Paul Sartre. En este caso se propone reflexionar sobre la experiencia de la enfermedad en tanto esta revela la dimensión vulnerable de la existencia humana, y el modo en que esta experiencia se ve agravada ante la aparición de la mirada objetivante del Otro. Se privilegia un modo particular de relación intersubjetiva, la relación médico-paciente. En este sentido, se propone que la filosofía sartreana presenta elementos conceptuales relevantes para describir la relación entre personas enfermas y quienes las diagnostican, tratan y cuidan, fundando una perspectiva moral desde una ética de la responsabilidad. Este análisis permitirá poner el enfoque sartreano en diálogo con la bioética.
Abstract This work aims to present a contribution to phenomenological studies on vulnerability from a particular philosophical perspective, the phenomenological-existentialist perspective of Jean-Paul Sartre. In this case, it is proposed to reflect on the experience of illness as it reveals the vulnerable dimension of human existence, and the way in which this experience is aggravated by the appearance of the objectifying gaze of the Other. A particular mode of intersubjective relationship is privileged, the doctor-patient relationship. In this sense, it is proposed that Sartrean philosophy presents relevant conceptual elements to describe the relationship between sick people and those who diagnose, treat and care for them, founding a moral perspective from an ethics of responsibility. This analysis will make it possible to put the Sartrean approach in dialogue with bioethics.
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