22
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      LOS ESTRESORES PSICOSOCIALES SE ASOCIAN A SÍNDROME HIPERTENSIVO DEL EMBARAZO Y/O SÍNTOMAS DE PARTO PREMATURO EN EL EMBARAZO ADOLESCENTE

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Objetivo: Identificar factores de apoyo y estrés psicosocial en adolescentes embarazadas y establecer la asociación entre estos factores y la presencia o ausencia de síndrome hipertensivo del embarazo (SHE) y/o síntoma de parto prematuro (SPP). Método: Estudio analítico de casos y controles. La muestra estuvo conformada por 146 puérperas adolescentes estratificadas en dos grupos, con y sin SHE y/o SPP durante su gestación. Para describir las variables se realizó un análisis exploratorio de datos utilizando medianas. Para comparar estos valores medios se aplicó la prueba de Mann-Whitney y para el análisis inferencial la prueba X² o Coeficiente V de Cramer. Para determinar el riesgo de presentar el SHE y/o SPP se calculó Odds Ratio. Resultados: Los estresores psicosociales asociados a la presencia de SHE y/o SPP fueron: problemas económicos (OR: 2,46 [1,20 - 5,80]), presencia de agresión psicológica familiar (OR: 4,65 [1,99 -11,30]), presencia de algún evento estresante y/o depresión (OR: 2,84 [1,36 - 5,98]), presencia de alguna enfermedad y/o hospitalización de un familiar de la adolescente (OR: 6,07 [1,85 - 25,68]), y presencia de violencia al interior del hogar (OR: 4,65 [1,95 -11,69]). El apoyo familiar se asocia con ausencia de SHE y/o SPP (p<0,001). Conclusiones: Los estresores psicosociales familiares se asocian a la presencia de SHE y/o SPP, mientras que el apoyo familiar es un factor protector de estas patologías.

          Translated abstract

          Objective: To identify support and stress psychosocial factors in pregnant adolescents and to establish association between those factors and the presence or absence of hypertensive syndrome of pregnancy (HSP) and/or symptoms of preterm birth (SPB). Method: Case-control study. The sample consisted of 146 puerperal adolescent women stratified in two groups: with and without HSP and/or SPB during gestation. In order to describe the variables, an exploratory analysis of data was carried out using median. To compare these mean values, Mann-Whitney test was applied. For the analysis of the inferential variables X² test or Cramer's V coefficient was applied. To determine the risk of HSP and/or SPB, the Odds Ratio (OR) was calculated. Results: Psychosocial stressors associated with the presence of HSP and/or SPB are: economic problems (OR: 2.46 [1.20 - 5.80]), presence of family psychological aggression (OR: 4.65 [ 1.99 - 11.30]), presence of a stressful event and/or depression (OR: 2.84 [1.36 - 5.98]), presence of disease and/or hospi-talization of a relative of the teenager (OR: 6.07 [1.85 - 25.68]), and presence of violence within the home (OR: 4.65 [1.95 -11.69]). The family support is associated with the absence of HSP and/or SPB (p<0.001). Conclusions: Family psychosocial stressors are mainly associated with the presence of HSP and/or SPB, meanwhile family support is a protective factor for these pathologies.

          Related collections

          Most cited references46

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Impact of Psychological Factors on the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Disease and Implications for Therapy

          Recent studies provide clear and convincing evidence that psychosocial factors contribute significantly to the pathogenesis and expression of coronary artery disease (CAD). This evidence is composed largely of data relating CAD risk to 5 specific psychosocial domains: (1) depression, (2) anxiety, (3) personality factors and character traits, (4) social isolation, and (5) chronic life stress. Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the relationship between these entities and CAD can be divided into behavioral mechanisms, whereby psychosocial conditions contribute to a higher frequency of adverse health behaviors, such as poor diet and smoking, and direct pathophysiological mechanisms, such as neuroendocrine and platelet activation. An extensive body of evidence from animal models (especially the cynomolgus monkey, Macaca fascicularis) reveals that chronic psychosocial stress can lead, probably via a mechanism involving excessive sympathetic nervous system activation, to exacerbation of coronary artery atherosclerosis as well as to transient endothelial dysfunction and even necrosis. Evidence from monkeys also indicates that psychosocial stress reliably induces ovarian dysfunction, hypercortisolemia, and excessive adrenergic activation in premenopausal females, leading to accelerated atherosclerosis. Also reviewed are data relating CAD to acute stress and individual differences in sympathetic nervous system responsivity. New technologies and research from animal models demonstrate that acute stress triggers myocardial ischemia, promotes arrhythmogenesis, stimulates platelet function, and increases blood viscosity through hemoconcentration. In the presence of underlying atherosclerosis (eg, in CAD patients), acute stress also causes coronary vasoconstriction. Recent data indicate that the foregoing effects result, at least in part, from the endothelial dysfunction and injury induced by acute stress. Hyperresponsivity of the sympathetic nervous system, manifested by exaggerated heart rate and blood pressure responses to psychological stimuli, is an intrinsic characteristic among some individuals. Current data link sympathetic nervous system hyperresponsivity to accelerated development of carotid atherosclerosis in human subjects and to exacerbated coronary and carotid atherosclerosis in monkeys. Thus far, intervention trials designed to reduce psychosocial stress have been limited in size and number. Specific suggestions to improve the assessment of behavioral interventions include more complete delineation of the physiological mechanisms by which such interventions might work; increased use of new, more convenient "alternative" end points for behavioral intervention trials; development of specifically targeted behavioral interventions (based on profiling of patient factors); and evaluation of previously developed models of predicting behavioral change. The importance of maximizing the efficacy of behavioral interventions is underscored by the recognition that psychosocial stresses tend to cluster together. When they do so, the resultant risk for cardiac events is often substantially elevated, equaling that associated with previously established risk factors for CAD, such as hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            Pre-eclampsia

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              Prenatal maternal stress: effects on pregnancy and the (unborn) child.

              Animal experiments have convincingly demonstrated that prenatal maternal stress affects pregnancy outcome and results in early programming of brain functions with permanent changes in neuroendocrine regulation and behaviour in offspring. To evaluate the existing evidence of comparable effects of prenatal stress on human pregnancy and child development. Data sources used included a computerized literature search of PUBMED (1966-2001); Psychlit (1987-2001); and manual search of bibliographies of pertinent articles. Recent well-controlled human studies indicate that pregnant women with high stress and anxiety levels are at increased risk for spontaneous abortion and preterm labour and for having a malformed or growth-retarded baby (reduced head circumference in particular). Evidence of long-term functional disorders after prenatal exposure to stress is limited, but retrospective studies and two prospective studies support the possibility of such effects. A comprehensive model of putative interrelationships between maternal, placental, and fetal factors is presented. Apart from the well-known negative effects of biomedical risks, maternal psychological factors may significantly contribute to pregnancy complications and unfavourable development of the (unborn) child. These problems might be reduced by specific stress reduction in high anxious pregnant women, although much more research is needed.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rchog
                Revista chilena de obstetricia y ginecología
                Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol.
                Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Santiago, , Chile )
                0048-766X
                0717-7526
                2009
                : 74
                : 5
                : 281-285
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUniversidad del Bío Bío orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y los Alimentos Chile
                Article
                S0717-75262009000500003 S0717-7526(09)07400503
                10.4067/S0717-75262009000500003
                67c86c6e-1415-4657-bb7d-18f6ad0ffc5f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 25, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Trabajos Originales

                Adolescent pregnancy,síntomas departo prematuro,síndrome hipertensivo del embarazo,Embarazo adolescente,psychosocial stress,symptoms of preterm birth,hypertensive syndrome of pregnancy,estrés psicosocial

                Comments

                Comment on this article