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      Estresores que influyen desfavorablemente en estudiantes chilenos de Obstetricia y Puericultura, durante las prácticas clínicas Translated title: Stressors that unfavorably influence Chilean students of Obstetrics and Childcare, during clinical practices

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          Abstract

          Fundamento: las prácticas clínicas son un componente esencial para la formación de los estudiantes de Obstetricia y Puericultura, porque permiten aplicar los conocimientos teóricos adquiridos. Objetivo: identificar los estresores que influyen desfavorablemente en los estudiantes de segundo y tercer años de la carrera de Obstetricia y Puericultura de la Universidad de Chile, durante las prácticas clínicas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio transversal y descriptivo en la Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura de la Universidad de Chile durante el periodo marzo-diciembre, 2016. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos para la fundamentación de la investigación y empíricos: el cuestionario Stai para medir el nivel de ansiedad y el Kezkak, que mide estresores en las prácticas clínicas. Resultados: se identificaron los estresores que afectan la práctica clínica de los estudiantes de segundo y tercer años de Obstetricia; se constató, a través de la aplicación del cuestionario de Kezkak, que los más altos se relacionan con las competencias, la impotencia e incertidumbre; y como menos preocupantes, las relaciones interpersonales y la implicación emocional, entre ellas la muerte de un paciente, esta última dada por la inexperiencia en la atención a enfermos terminales; el cuestionario de Stai indica que la ansiedad/rasgo es mayor en comparación con la ansiedad/estado. Conclusiones: las situaciones de estrés que viven con mayor intensidad los estudiantes se deben a la inseguridad que representa enfrentarse a situaciones nuevas y al miedo a no saber responder con un dominio adecuado de las competencias, más que a un rasgo de su personalidad.

          Translated abstract

          Background: clinical practices are an essential component for the training of students of Obstetrics and Childcare, because they allow applying the theoretical knowledge acquired. Objective: to identify the stressors that adversely affect the second and third year students of the Obstetrics and Child Care of the University of Chile, during the clinical practices. Methods: a cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out at the School of Obstetrics and Child Care of the University of Chile during the period March-December, 2016. Theoretical methods were used for the foundation of the research and empirical: the Stai questionnaire to measure the level of anxiety and Kezkak, which measures stressors in clinical practices. Results: stressors that affect the clinical practice of the second and third year obstetrics students were identified; it was found, through the application of the Kezkak questionnaire, that the highest are related to competencies, impotence and uncertainty; and as less worrisome, interpersonal relationships and emotional involvement, including the death of a patient, the latter given by inexperience in the care of the terminally ill; Stai's questionnaire indicates that the anxiety / trait is greater compared to the anxiety / condition. Conclusions: the situations of stress that students live with greater intensity are due to the insecurity that represents facing new situations and the fear of not knowing how to respond with a proper mastery of the skills, rather than a feature of his personality.

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          Undergraduate nursing students' stress sources and coping behaviours during their initial period of clinical training: a Jordanian perspective.

          Baccalaureate nursing students often experience high levels of stress during training that may result in psychological or emotional impairment during their professional life ultimately affecting the quality of patient care they provide. Clinical instructors provide the needed support and guidance for students to relieve stress and promote a positive clinical experience. The aim of this study was to identify the level and types of stress perceived by baccalaureate nursing students in Jordan in their initial period of clinical practice and to identify the coping strategies that students used to relieve their stress. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 181 nursing students' representative of second year undergraduate students from two universities in Jordan. Proportions and t-tests were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the source of stress for these students came mainly from assignment work and the clinical environment. The most common coping strategy used by students was problem-solving behaviour followed by staying optimistic and transference attention from the stressful situation to other things while avoidance was the least frequent used.
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            Clinical education in nursing: Rethinking learning in practice settings

            Clinical education is a time- and resource-intensive aspect of contemporary nursing programs. Despite widespread agreement in the discipline about the centrality of clinical experiences to learning nursing, little is known about if and how current clinical experiences contribute to students' learning and readiness for practice. Before large-scale studies testing specific educational interventionals can be conducted, it is important to understand what currently occurs during clinical experiences. This study, funded by the National Council of State Boards of Nursing, examined the nature of contemporary clinical education by describing students' and faculty's experiences at three geographically diverse universities in the United States. Findings suggest that teachers' and students' focus on task completion persists and often overshadows the more complex aspects of learning nursing practice.
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              Student, tutor and staff nurse perceptions of the clinical learning environment.

              The aim of this exploratory study was to describe and compare student nurses (n=142), staff nurses (n=54) and nurse tutors (n=8) perceptions of the clinical learning environment (CLE), and to identify factors that enhanced or inhibited student learning. The setting was a private hospital in Penang, Malaysia. Data were collected using a structured, self-administered questionnaire that consisted of six a priori subscales. Principal component analysis supported a six factor solution and a reduction in the number of items from 44 to 34. Participants' overall perception of the CLE was positive, though there were significant differences in 5 of the 6 subscales between the three groups. For students and their tutors, the most positive component of the CLE was 'supervision by clinical instructors'. Staff nurses reported more favourably on the learner friendliness of the CLE than did students or tutors. Factors that enhanced student learning included students' and staff nurses' attitude towards student learning, variety of clinical opportunities, sufficient equipment, and adequate time to perform procedures. Factors that hindered student learning were: overload of students in the clinical unit, busy wards, and students being treated as workers.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                edu
                EDUMECENTRO
                EDUMECENTRO
                Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara (Santa Clara, , Cuba )
                2077-2874
                September 2018
                : 12-24
                Affiliations
                [01] Santiago de Chile orgnameFacultad de Medicina. Universidad de Chile Chile
                Article
                S2077-28742018000300002
                6da5fd5b-9869-4eb5-b48a-47a7801d9fb1

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 08 November 2017
                : 15 June 2018
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 23, Pages: 13
                Product

                SciELO Cuba


                prácticas clínicas,education, medical,students, medical,competency-based education,clinical clerkship,educación médica,estudiantes de Medicina,educación basada en competencias

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