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      Preparation of Aminals under Continuous Flow Conditions

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          Abstract

          A laboratory experiment was developed for the continuous flow preparation of an aminal derived from the condensation of furfural with morpholine. The experiment introduces the students to concepts of green chemistry, heterogeneous catalysis, and continuous flow. A cheap and easy setup allows the heterogeneous catalyst reactor to be built in class. The use of furfural reinforces the importance of green chemistry by using one of the key synthons obtained from biomass.

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          The Hitchhiker's Guide to Flow Chemistry ∥.

          Flow chemistry involves the use of channels or tubing to conduct a reaction in a continuous stream rather than in a flask. Flow equipment provides chemists with unique control over reaction parameters enhancing reactivity or in some cases enabling new reactions. This relatively young technology has received a remarkable amount of attention in the past decade with many reports on what can be done in flow. Until recently, however, the question, "Should we do this in flow?" has merely been an afterthought. This review introduces readers to the basic principles and fundamentals of flow chemistry and critically discusses recent flow chemistry accounts.
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            Metal–Organic Frameworks in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Recent Progress, New Trends, and Future Perspectives

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              Well-Defined Materials for Heterogeneous Catalysis: From Nanoparticles to Isolated Single-Atom Sites

              The use of well-defined materials in heterogeneous catalysis will open up numerous new opportunities for the development of advanced catalysts to address the global challenges in energy and the environment. This review surveys the roles of nanoparticles and isolated single atom sites in catalytic reactions. In the second section, the effects of size, shape, and metal-support interactions are discussed for nanostructured catalysts. Case studies are summarized to illustrate the dynamics of structure evolution of well-defined nanoparticles under certain reaction conditions. In the third section, we review the syntheses and catalytic applications of isolated single atomic sites anchored on different types of supports. In the final part, we conclude by highlighting the challenges and opportunities of well-defined materials for catalyst development and gaining a fundamental understanding of their active sites.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                J Chem Educ
                J Chem Educ
                ed
                jceda8
                Journal of Chemical Education
                American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc.
                0021-9584
                1938-1328
                17 November 2023
                12 December 2023
                : 100
                : 12
                : 4728-4733
                Affiliations
                [1]Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa , Avenida Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
                Author notes
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2598-8540
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7284-5948
                Article
                10.1021/acs.jchemed.3c00306
                10722990
                38106548
                64b467dc-50ba-4efa-91bd-b9b27fd26dae
                © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society and Division of Chemical Education, Inc.

                Permits non-commercial access and re-use, provided that author attribution and integrity are maintained; but does not permit creation of adaptations or other derivative works ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                : 10 April 2023
                : 07 September 2023
                Funding
                Funded by: H2020 Spreading Excellence and Widening Participation, doi 10.13039/100010684;
                Award ID: 951996
                Funded by: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, doi 10.13039/501100001871;
                Award ID: UIDP/04138/2020
                Funded by: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, doi 10.13039/501100001871;
                Award ID: UIDB/04138/2020
                Funded by: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, doi 10.13039/501100001871;
                Award ID: PTDC/QUI-QOR/32008/2017
                Categories
                Laboratory Experiment
                Custom metadata
                ed3c00306
                ed3c00306

                Education
                second-year undergraduate,organic chemistry,hands-on learning,aldehydes,green chemistry
                Education
                second-year undergraduate, organic chemistry, hands-on learning, aldehydes, green chemistry

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