<i>In vitro</i> evaluation of the anti-diabetic potential of <i>Helichrysum petiolare</i> Hilliard &amp; B.L. Burtt using HepG2 (C3A) and L6 cell lines

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Abstract

Background: Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B.L. Burtt has been listed in a survey of plants used in traditional medicine for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in the Eastern Cape of South Africa. In this study, the antidiabetic potentials of ethanol, cold aqueous (CAQ) and boiled aqueous (BAQ) extracts of H. petiolare were investigated.

Methods: The cytotoxic and glucose utilization effects of the extracts were evaluated using L6 myocytes and HepG2 (C3A) hepatocytes. α-amylase, α-glucosidase and lipase inhibition assays were also carried out.

Results: The ethanol extract showed significant cytotoxic effects in the treated cells. Both BAQ and CAQ extracts significantly increased glucose uptake in L6 and C3A cell lines. The CAQ extract enhanced glucose uptake more in the L6 myocytes than in the C3A cell-lines hepatocytes. The BAQ extract showed higher levels of inhibition on α–amylase and α-glucosidase than CAQ. The activities were not significantly different from acarbose. However, BAQ showed lower lipase inhibition than acarbose (p<0.05).

Conclusions: The BAQ and CAQ extracts of H. petiolare may, therefore, contain pharmacologically active and relatively non-toxic hypoglycaemic chemicals, which may be effective substitutes in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

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Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays

Tim R. Mosmann (1983)

A tetrazolium salt has been used to develop a quantitative colorimetric assay for mammalian cell survival and proliferation. The assay detects living, but not dead cells and the signal generated is dependent on the degree of activation of the cells. This method can therefore be used to measure cytotoxicity, proliferation or activation. The results can be read on a multiwell scanning spectrophotometer (ELISA reader) and show a high degree of precision. No washing steps are used in the assay. The main advantages of the colorimetric assay are its rapidity and precision, and the lack of any radioisotope. We have used the assay to measure proliferative lymphokines, mitogen stimulations and complement-mediated lysis.

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Natural products: a continuing source of novel drug leads.

Gordon M. Cragg, David J Newman (2013)

Nature has been a source of medicinal products for millennia, with many useful drugs developed from plant sources. Following discovery of the penicillins, drug discovery from microbial sources occurred and diving techniques in the 1970s opened the seas. Combinatorial chemistry (late 1980s), shifted the focus of drug discovery efforts from Nature to the laboratory bench. This review traces natural products drug discovery, outlining important drugs from natural sources that revolutionized treatment of serious diseases. It is clear Nature will continue to be a major source of new structural leads, and effective drug development depends on multidisciplinary collaborations. The explosion of genetic information led not only to novel screens, but the genetic techniques permitted the implementation of combinatorial biosynthetic technology and genome mining. The knowledge gained has allowed unknown molecules to be identified. These novel bioactive structures can be optimized by using combinatorial chemistry generating new drug candidates for many diseases. The advent of genetic techniques that permitted the isolation / expression of biosynthetic cassettes from microbes may well be the new frontier for natural products lead discovery. It is now apparent that biodiversity may be much greater in those organisms. The numbers of potential species involved in the microbial world are many orders of magnitude greater than those of plants and multi-celled animals. Coupling these numbers to the number of currently unexpressed biosynthetic clusters now identified (>10 per species) the potential of microbial diversity remains essentially untapped. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Is Open Access

Impact of Dietary Polyphenols on Carbohydrate Metabolism

Kati Hanhineva, Riitta Törrönen, Isabel Bondia-Pons … (2010)

Polyphenols, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, proanthocyanidins and resveratrol, are a large and heterogeneous group of phytochemicals in plant-based foods, such as tea, coffee, wine, cocoa, cereal grains, soy, fruits and berries. Growing evidence indicates that various dietary polyphenols may influence carbohydrate metabolism at many levels. In animal models and a limited number of human studies carried out so far, polyphenols and foods or beverages rich in polyphenols have attenuated postprandial glycemic responses and fasting hyperglycemia, and improved acute insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity. The possible mechanisms include inhibition of carbohydrate digestion and glucose absorption in the intestine, stimulation of insulin secretion from the pancreatic β–cells, modulation of glucose release from the liver, activation of insulin receptors and glucose uptake in the insulin-sensitive tissues, and modulation of intracellular signalling pathways and gene expression. The positive effects of polyphenols on glucose homeostasis observed in a large number of in vitro and animal models are supported by epidemiological evidence on polyphenol-rich diets. To confirm the implications of polyphenol consumption for prevention of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and eventually type 2 diabetes, human trials with well-defined diets, controlled study designs and clinically relevant end-points together with holistic approaches e.g., systems biology profiling technologies are needed.

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Contributors

Adebowale Emmanuel Aladejana: Role: ConceptualizationRole: Data CurationRole: Formal AnalysisRole: Funding AcquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: MethodologyRole: Project AdministrationRole: SoftwareRole: VisualizationRole: Writing – Original Draft PreparationRole: Writing – Review & Editing

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-2475

Graeme Bradley: Role: Project AdministrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: Validation

ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9036-9869

Anthony Jide Afolayan: Role: Project AdministrationRole: ResourcesRole: SupervisionRole: ValidationRole: Visualization

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): F1000Res

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): F1000Res

Journal ID (pmc): F1000Research

Title: F1000Research

Publisher: F1000 Research Limited (London, UK )

ISSN (Electronic): 2046-1402

Publication date (Electronic): 1 April 2021

Publication date Collection: 2020

Volume: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: 1240

Affiliations

[1 ]Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa

[2 ]Medicinal Plant and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, 5700, South Africa

[1 ]School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China

Medicinal Plant and Economic Development (MPED) Research Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, Eastern Cape, South Africa

[1 ]Department of Veterinary Surgery and Theriogenology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University Of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Abeokuta, Nigeria

Author notes

[a ] aafolayan@ 123456ufh.ac.za

No competing interests were disclosed.

Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Author information

Adebowale Emmanuel Aladejana https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6783-2475

Graeme Bradley https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9036-9869

Article

DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.26855.2

PMC ID: 8080987

SO-VID: 60984ce0-85ac-4edc-b4c6-5c6b915f7902

License:

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

History

Date accepted : 29 March 2021

Funding

Funded by: National Research Foundation

Award ID: UID:116099

Funded by: The World Academy of Sciences

Award ID: UID:116099

This research was funded by The World Academy of Sciences-National Research Foundation (TWAS-NRF) of South Africa [UID: 116099].

The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

In vitro evaluation of the anti-diabetic potential of Helichrysum petiolare Hilliard & B.L. Burtt using HepG2 (C3A) and L6 cell lines

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Most cited references 23

Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays

Natural products: a continuing source of novel drug leads.

Impact of Dietary Polyphenols on Carbohydrate Metabolism

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