Emotional abuse interacts with borderline personality in adolescent inpatients with binge-purging eating disorders

Abstract

Purpose

Childhood abuse is associated with an increased risk of developing eating disorders (EDs) as well as personality disorders (PDs). However, their interaction is still uncertain, particularly in adolescents. This study investigates the correlations between childhood emotional neglect (CEN), childhood emotional abuse (CEA), and obsessive-compulsive and borderline personality styles in female adolescent inpatients with eating disorders (EDs).

Methods

One hundred and twenty-eight inpatients (ages 14-18) were assessed, 54 were diagnosed with restricting-type anorexia nervosa (AN-R) and 33 with a binge-purging ED [BP-ED; comprising patients with binge-purging type anorexia nervosa (AN-BP), n = 15, and bulimia nervosa (BN), n = 18]. Fifty healthy participants made up the control group (CG). CEN and CEA were assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, while the Personality Style and Disorder Inventory was implemented to determine personality styles.

Results

A MANOVA revealed a significant main effect of CEA on spontaneous-borderline personality style [ F(8,119) = 17.1, p < 0.001, η ²  = 0.126], as well as a main effect of ED group on spontaneous-borderline [ F(2,119) = 3.1, p = 0.048, η ²  = 0.050]. A significant interaction between ED group, CEA, and spontaneous-borderline was found [ F(2,119) = 3.5, p = 0.034, η ²  = 0.055] with BP-ED showing significantly higher scores in CEA (9.3 ± 4.0) and in spontaneous-borderline (14.2 ± 6.2).

Conclusions

Considering CEA and borderline personality style in adolescent inpatients with BN or AN-BP may help improve the understanding of the etiology and maintenance of BP-ED and provide more effective treatment targets.

Level of evidence

Level III, case–control analytic study.