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      Molecular epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Taiwan

      , , ,
      Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
      Elsevier BV

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          Abstract

          Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become an important nosocomial pathogen and has increased frequency in the past 20 years. It is highly transmissible between wards, hospitals, and cities. In most major hospitals in Taiwan, MRSA accounts for more than 60% of the S. aureus isolates. Whether there is a predominant strain, which is spread over the whole of Taiwan has not yet been studied. We collected 208 sequential clinical isolates of MRSA from 22 hospitals: seven in northern Taiwan, seven in western Taiwan, five in southern Taiwan, and three in eastern Taiwan during a three-month period in 1998. Using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, 112 MRSA isolates were shown to belong to one major type,--type C, and this type was shown to have spread widely across all of Taiwan. Ninety-six isolates belonged to 20 other minor types. Most MRSA isolates of this major type were multi-drug resistant and only susceptible to vancomycin and rifampin. We concluded that the high prevalence of MRSA in Taiwan was partly due to the spreading of a predominant strain and most of them were multi-drug resistant. This might imply that more effort should be made to control the spread of MRSA in Taiwan.

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          Most cited references18

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          Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals and long-term care facilities: microbiology, epidemiology, and preventive measures.

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            Increasing prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the United States.

            In the period 1975 to 1981, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) emerged as an important nosocomial pathogen in tertiary care centers in the United States. To determine if the prevalence of this organism has continued to increase, a questionnaire was sent to hospital epidemiologists in 360 acute care hospitals. A total of 256 (71%) of the 360 individuals responded. Overall, 97% (246/256) of responding hospitals reported having patients with MRSA in the period 1987 through 1989. Respondents in 217 hospitals provided estimates of the number of cases seen in 1987, 1988 and 1989. The percentage of respondents reporting one or more patients with MRSA increased from 88% in 1987 to 96.3% in 1989 (p = .0008). The percent of respondents reporting large numbers (greater than or equal to 50) of cases per year increased from 18% in 1987 to 32% in 1989 (p = .0006). Increasing frequency of large outbreaks was observed in community, community-teaching, federal, municipal and university hospitals.
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              Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus typing methods: which should be the international standard?

              Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has spread to all parts of the world. Effective control measures are dependent on a thorough knowledge of the organism's epidemiology which requires a typing technique that can be universally applied. Many typing methods have been developed for MRSA but none has been adopted as the internationally recognized standard. This review summarizes the information available on each in order to assess their suitability as a reference procedure. The majority of phenotypic and genotypic techniques are not sufficiently discriminatory, reproducible, stable or useful in an outbreak to be acceptable. The methods which do fulfil these requirements and have a potential for standardization, such as pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, binary typing or a combination of more rapid techniques, require further systematic evaluation. Copyright 2000 The Hospital Infection Society.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
                Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease
                Elsevier BV
                07328893
                March 2002
                March 2002
                : 42
                : 3
                : 199-203
                Article
                10.1016/S0732-8893(01)00351-0
                11929692
                5b5e639d-30ec-492e-88e2-964bd8e5d1ef
                © 2002

                https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

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