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      T-REX: software for the processing and analysis of T-RFLP data

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          Abstract

          Background

          Despite increasing popularity and improvements in terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and other microbial community fingerprinting techniques, there are still numerous obstacles that hamper the analysis of these datasets. Many steps are required to process raw data into a format ready for analysis and interpretation. These steps can be time-intensive, error-prone, and can introduce unwanted variability into the analysis. Accordingly, we developed T-REX, free, online software for the processing and analysis of T-RFLP data.

          Results

          Analysis of T-RFLP data generated from a multiple-factorial study was performed with T-REX. With this software, we were able to i) label raw data with attributes related to the experimental design of the samples, ii) determine a baseline threshold for identification of true peaks over noise, iii) align terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) in all samples (i.e., bin T-RFs), iv) construct a two-way data matrix from labeled data and process the matrix in a variety of ways, v) produce several measures of data matrix complexity, including the distribution of variance between main and interaction effects and sample heterogeneity, and vi) analyze a data matrix with the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model.

          Conclusion

          T-REX provides a free, platform-independent tool to the research community that allows for an integrated, rapid, and more robust analysis of T-RFLP data.

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          Most cited references20

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          R: A Lenguage and Environment for Statisctical Computing

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            The Ribosomal Database Project (RDP-II): previewing a new autoaligner that allows regular updates and the new prokaryotic taxonomy.

            The Ribosomal Database Project-II (RDP-II) pro-vides data, tools and services related to ribosomal RNA sequences to the research community. Through its website (http://rdp.cme.msu.edu), RDP-II offers aligned and annotated rRNA sequence data, analysis services, and phylogenetic inferences (trees) derived from these data. RDP-II release 8.1 contains 16 277 prokaryotic, 5201 eukaryotic, and 1503 mitochondrial small subunit rRNA sequences in aligned and annotated format. The current public beta release of 9.0 debuts a new regularly updated alignment of over 50 000 annotated (eu)bacterial sequences. New analysis services include a sequence search and selection tool (Hierarchy Browser) and a phylogenetic tree building and visualization tool (Phylip Interface). A new interactive tutorial guides users through the basics of rRNA sequence analysis. Other services include probe checking, phylogenetic placement of user sequences, screening of users' sequences for chimeric rRNA sequences, automated alignment, production of similarity matrices, and services to plan and analyze terminal restriction fragment polymorphism (T-RFLP) experiments. The RDP-II email address for questions or comments is rdpstaff@msu.edu.
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              Statistical methods for characterizing diversity of microbial communities by analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms of 16S rRNA genes.

              The analysis of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphisms (T-RFLP) of 16S rRNA genes has proven to be a facile means to compare microbial communities and presumptively identify abundant members. The method provides data that can be used to compare different communities based on similarity or distance measures. Once communities have been clustered into groups, clone libraries can be prepared from sample(s) that are representative of each group in order to determine the phylogeny of the numerically abundant populations in a community. In this paper methods are introduced for the statistical analysis of T-RFLP data that include objective methods for (i) determining a baseline so that 'true' peaks in electropherograms can be identified; (ii) a means to compare electropherograms and bin fragments of similar size; (iii) clustering algorithms that can be used to identify communities that are similar to one another; and (iv) a means to select samples that are representative of a cluster that can be used to construct 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The methods for data analysis were tested using simulated data with assumptions and parameters that corresponded to actual data. The simulation results demonstrated the usefulness of these methods in their ability to recover the true microbial community structure generated under the assumptions made. Software for implementing these methods is available at http://www.ibest.uidaho.edu/tools/trflp_stats/index.php.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                BMC Bioinformatics
                BMC Bioinformatics
                BioMed Central
                1471-2105
                2009
                6 June 2009
                : 10
                : 171
                Affiliations
                [1 ]515 Bradfield Hall, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
                [2 ]620 Rhodes Hall, Computational Biology Service Unit, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
                [3 ]519 Bradfield Hall, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
                [4 ]Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana IL, USA
                [5 ]705 Bradfield Hall, Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
                [6 ]3150 Plant and Environmental Science, Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, One Shields Avenue, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
                Article
                1471-2105-10-171
                10.1186/1471-2105-10-171
                2702334
                19500385
                5874e649-dfa1-4680-9227-5ca0664e7722
                Copyright © 2009 Culman et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                : 6 January 2009
                : 6 June 2009
                Categories
                Software

                Bioinformatics & Computational biology
                Bioinformatics & Computational biology

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