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      Fungistatic Activity Of Essential Oils Extracted from Peumus boldus Mol., Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) Schodde and Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tul. (Chilean Monimiaceae) Translated title: Actividad Fungistática de Extractos de Aceites Asenciales de Peumus boldus Mol., Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) Schodde y Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tul. (Monimiaceae chilenas)

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          Abstract

          Components of essential oils from the Chilean Monimiaceae, boldo (Peumus boldus Mol.), tepa (Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) Schodde), and laurel (Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tul.) were determined using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) and fungistatic activity of the essential oils was tested against Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Donk), Pythium irregulare Buisman, Ceratocystis pilifera (Fr.) C. Moreau, Phragmidium violaceum (Schultz) G. Winter, and Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. The essential oils of the Monimiaceae species shared some common components; all three had the 3-carene, α-phellandrene, and α-pinene terpenes. L. philippiana and L. sempervirens also had safrole.The main components were ascaridol in P. boldus oil, 3-carene in L. philippiana, and safrole in L. sempervirens. The essential oil from L. sempervirens showed the highest fungistatic activity with significant differences in dose as well as exposure. P. violaceum was the most sensitive strain and P. irregulare the most resistant of all the essential oils (P. boldus extract affected growth by only 19%). Therefore, essential oils from these three plants could be used to control the fungal strains studied.

          Translated abstract

          Se determinaron los compuestos de aceites esenciales de Monimiaceae chilenas, boldo (Peumus boldus Mol.), tepa (Laureliopsis philippiana (Looser) Schodde), y laurel (Laurelia sempervirens (Ruiz & Pav.) Tul.) a través de cromatografía de gas con espectrometría de masas (CG-EM) y se midió la actividad fungistática de los aceites sobre los hongos Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Donk), Pythium irregulare Buisman, Ceratocystis pilifera (Fr.) C. Moreau, Phragmidium violaceum (Schultz) Winter y Fusarium oxysporum Schltdl. Los aceites esenciales de las especies de Monimiaceae tienen algunos compuestos en común; en las especies estudiadas se encontró que todos tenían los terpenos 3-careno, α-felandreno, y α-pineno. L. philippiana y L. sempervirens además tienen safrol. En cambio, ascaridol fue el principal compuesto en el aceite de P. boldus, 3-careno en L. philippiana y safrol en L. sempervirens. El aceite esencial de L. sempervirens presentó la mejor actividad fungistática contra las cepas tratadas, con diferencias significativas tanto en dosis como en tiempo de exposición. P. violaceum fue la cepa más sensible a los aceites esenciales y P. irregulare la más resistente (el extracto de P. boldus detuvo el crecimiento sólo un 19%). Por lo tanto, los aceites esenciales de todos estos árboles podrían ser usados como controladores de las cepas de hongos estudiadas.

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          Most cited references29

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          Contribución a la estadística de la flora vascular de Chile

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            Evaluation of some essential oils for their toxicity against fungi causing deterioration of stored food commodities.

            During screening of essential oils for their antifungal activities against Aspergillus flavus, the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus was found to exhibit fungitoxicity. The MIC of the oil was found to be 1,000 ppm, at which it showed its fungistatic nature, wide fungitoxic spectrum, nonphytotoxic nature, and superiority over synthetic fungicides, i.e., Agrosan G. N., Thiride, Ceresan, Dithane M-45, Agrozim, Bavistin, Emison, Thiovit, wettable sulfur, and copper oxychloride. The fungitoxic potency of the oil remained unaltered for 7 months of storage and upon introduction of high doses of inoculum of the test fungus. It was thermostable in nature with treatment at 5 to 100 degrees C. These findings thus indicate the possibility of exploitation of the essential oil of C. citratus as an effective inhibitor of storage fungi.
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              Boldo and boldine: an emerging case of natural drug development.

              Boldo (Peumus boldus Mol.), a Chilean tree traditionally employed in folk medicine and recognized as a herbal remedy in a number of pharmacopoeias, mainly for the treatment of liver ailments, has recently been the subject of increasing attention. Boldine, in particular, the major and most characteristic alkaloidal constituent of this plant species, now emerges as its most interesting active principle from the pharmacological viewpoint. The recent demonstration that boldine is an effective antioxidant in both biological and non-biological systems has opened up the perspective of a broad range of uses in medicine and industry. Given the toxicological data on this alkaloid, its antioxidative properties situate it as a potentially useful substance in many disease states featuring free-radical related oxidative injury. This review attempts to cover and discuss the studies conducted over the last four decades on the chemical and pharmacological properties of boldo and its main constituent.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                chiljar
                Chilean journal of agricultural research
                Chil. j. agric. res.
                Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA (Chillán, , Chile )
                0718-5839
                March 2009
                : 69
                : 1
                : 30-37
                Affiliations
                [01] Concepción orgnameUniversidad de Concepción orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográcias Chile mbittner@ 123456udec.cl
                Article
                S0718-58392009000100004 S0718-5839(09)06900100004
                10.4067/S0718-58392009000100004
                561b8937-a136-4682-8180-11d0b023b71d

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 28 July 2008
                : 19 November 2007
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                RESEARCH ARTICLES

                análisis in vitro,Chilean native trees,chemical components,natural fungistatic activity,in vitro analysis,árboles nativos chilenos,compuestos químicos,actividad fungistática natural

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