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      Gold nanoparticles: Synthesis properties and applications

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      Journal of King Saud University - Science
      Elsevier BV

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          The effect of nanoparticle size on in vivo pharmacokinetics and cellular interaction.

          Nanoparticle-based technologies offer exciting new approaches to disease diagnostics and therapeutics. To take advantage of unique properties of nanoscale materials and structures, the size, shape and/or surface chemistry of nanoparticles need to be optimized, allowing their functionalities to be tailored for different biomedical applications. Here we review the effects of nanoparticle size on cellular interaction and in vivo pharmacokinetics, including cellular uptake, biodistribution and circulation half-life of nanoparticles. Important features of nanoparticle probes for molecular imaging and modeling of nanoparticle size effects are also discussed.
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            Recent biomedical applications of gold nanoparticles: A review

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              Gold Nanoparticles in Diagnostics and Therapeutics for Human Cancer

              The application of nanotechnology for the treatment of cancer is mostly based on early tumor detection and diagnosis by nanodevices capable of selective targeting and delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs to the specific tumor site. Due to the remarkable properties of gold nanoparticles, they have long been considered as a potential tool for diagnosis of various cancers and for drug delivery applications. These properties include high surface area to volume ratio, surface plasmon resonance, surface chemistry and multi-functionalization, facile synthesis, and stable nature. Moreover, the non-toxic and non-immunogenic nature of gold nanoparticles and the high permeability and retention effect provide additional benefits by enabling easy penetration and accumulation of drugs at the tumor sites. Various innovative approaches with gold nanoparticles are under development. In this review, we provide an overview of recent progress made in the application of gold nanoparticles in the treatment of cancer by tumor detection, drug delivery, imaging, photothermal and photodynamic therapy and their current limitations in terms of bioavailability and the fate of the nanoparticles.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal of King Saud University - Science
                Journal of King Saud University - Science
                Elsevier BV
                10183647
                October 2021
                October 2021
                : 33
                : 7
                : 101560
                Article
                10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101560
                542fac29-78df-43e1-8b1b-82745b95e2d5
                © 2021

                https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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