Comportamiento de la sibilancia en niños menores de cinco años de la provincia Sancti Spíritus

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Abstract

RESUMEN Introducción: la sibilancia en niños preescolares se encuentra entre las principales causas de morbilidad atendida en las consultas de alergología y representa un importante número de ingresos hospitalarios. Objetivo: caracterizar el comportamiento de la sibilancia en niños menores de cinco años ingresados en el servicio de respiratorio del Hospital Pediátrico Docente Provincial “José Martí Pérez” de Sancti Spíritus, en el período noviembre de 2015 a noviembre de 2016. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, el universo quedó constituido por 242 pacientes menores de cinco años ingresados por sibilancia en dicho servicio. Entre las variables que se estudiaron se encuentran: grupos de edad, sexo, antecedentes atópicos familiares, diagnóstico nosológico, fenotipo. Resultados: predominaron los lactantes, el sexo masculino, la residencia urbana, la bronquiolitis como diagnóstico al ingreso, el antecedente de atopia familiar fue más frecuente entre sus madres con diagnóstico de asma, los antecedentes atópico personal; la sibilancia persistente atópica tuvo mayor frecuencia; la inmunoglobulina E total estuvo elevada en un número frecuente de los casos. Conclusiones: el mayor número de casos en los pacientes incluidos tuvo riesgo de asma bronquial, con predominio de varones, historia familiar presente y personal de atopia, así como inmunoglobulina E sérica total elevada.

Translated abstract

ABSTRACT Introduction: respiratory sounds in preschool children are the main causes of morbidity treated in allergy clinics and represent a significant number of hospital admissions. Objective: to characterize the behavior of wheezing in children less than five years admitted to the respiratory service of the Pediatric Teaching Provincial Hospital "José Martí" of Sancti Spíritus, from November 2015 to November 2016. Method: a study was descriptive, transversal; the universe was constituted by 242 patients less than five years admitted for wheezing in this service. Among the studied variables: age groups, sex, family atopic background, nosological diagnosis, and phenotype. Results: predominated infants, male sex, urban residence, bronchiolitis as diagnosis at admission, the history of family atopic was more frequent among mothers with a diagnosis of asthma, the personal atopic background; persistent atopic wheezing was more frequent; Total immunoglobulin E was elevated in a frequent number of cases. Conclusions: the highest number of cases in the included patients had a risk of bronchial asthma, with predominance of males, present family history and atopic family history as well as elevated total serum immunoglobulin E.

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International consensus on (ICON) pediatric asthma.

E Baraldi, J Pongracic, D. Price … (2012)

Asthma is the most common chronic lower respiratory disease in childhood throughout the world. Several guidelines and/or consensus documents are available to support medical decisions on pediatric asthma. Although there is no doubt that the use of common systematic approaches for management can considerably improve outcomes, dissemination and implementation of these are still major challenges. Consequently, the International Collaboration in Asthma, Allergy and Immunology (iCAALL), recently formed by the EAACI, AAAAI, ACAAI, and WAO, has decided to propose an International Consensus on (ICON) Pediatric Asthma. The purpose of this document is to highlight the key messages that are common to many of the existing guidelines, while critically reviewing and commenting on any differences, thus providing a concise reference. The principles of pediatric asthma management are generally accepted. Overall, the treatment goal is disease control. To achieve this, patients and their parents should be educated to optimally manage the disease, in collaboration with healthcare professionals. Identification and avoidance of triggers is also of significant importance. Assessment and monitoring should be performed regularly to re-evaluate and fine-tune treatment. Pharmacotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment. The optimal use of medication can, in most cases, help patients control symptoms and reduce the risk for future morbidity. The management of exacerbations is a major consideration, independent of chronic treatment. There is a trend toward considering phenotype-specific treatment choices; however, this goal has not yet been achieved. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.

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Different IgE recognition of mite allergen components in asthmatic and nonasthmatic children

Yvonne Resch, Sven Michel, Michael Kabesch … (2015)

Background House dust mites (HDMs) represent one of the most important inducers of respiratory allergies worldwide. Objective We sought to investigate the IgE and IgG reactivity profiles to a comprehensive panel of HDM allergens in children with allergic asthma and to compare them with those of nonasthmatic atopic children. Methods Sera from clinically well-characterized asthmatic children with HDM allergy (n = 105), nonasthmatic children (n = 53), and nonatopic nonasthmatic children (n = 53) were analyzed for IgE and IgG reactivity to a panel of 7 HDM allergens (nDer p 1, rDer p 2, rDer p 5, rDer p 7, rDer p 10, rDer p 21, and rDer p 23) by means of allergen microarray technology. Results Asthmatic children with HDM allergy more frequently showed an IgE response to each of the HDM allergens and recognized more allergens than nonasthmatic children with HDM allergy. Furthermore, IgE levels to certain HDM allergens (nDer p 1, P = .002; rDer p 2, P = .007; rDer p 5, P = .031; and rDer p 23, P < .001) were significantly higher in asthmatic children than in children without asthma. By contrast, fewer asthmatic children showed IgG reactivity to HDM allergens than nonasthmatic children, but allergen-specific IgG levels were comparable. Conclusion The IgE and IgG reactivity profiles to HDM allergens, as well as IgE levels to certain allergen components, differed considerably between children with and without asthmatic symptoms caused by HDM allergy. In fact, asthmatic children were characterized by an expanded IgE repertoire regarding the numbers of recognized allergen components and by increased specific IgE levels.

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An epigenome-wide association study of total serum IgE in Hispanic children.

Wei Wei Chen, Ting Wang, Maria Pino-Yanes … (2017)

Total IgE is a therapeutic target in patients with allergic diseases. DNA methylation in white blood cells (WBCs) was associated with total IgE levels in an epigenome-wide association study of white subjects. Whether DNA methylation of eosinophils explains these findings is insufficiently understood.