4
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
1 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Spinal anesthesia in children: an educational review Translated title: Anestesia raquídea en niños: una revisión educativa

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Abstract Despite the well-known benefits of spinal anesthesia (SA), this technique remains underutilized among pediatric anesthesiologists. According to the data from the Pediatric Regional Anesthesia Network, SA accounted for less than 5% of all neuraxial techniques. Some of the factors for underutilization of SA include: Limited duration, unfamiliarity with the technique in younger children, and surgeon preference for general anesthesia. The safe and successful use of SA in children involves recognition of anatomical and physiological differences between adults and children owing to differences in bony structures, spinal cord growth and cerebrospinal fluid physiology. Reports on successful use of SA in children for various surgeries have increased. This educational review summarizes what is known about SA in children, reviews the literature from the last decade and provides suggestions for development of SA in children. Technical considerations, role of ultrasound, guidance on dosing, physiological effects, unexplained aspects of the mechanism of action and combined caudal/SA are discussed.

          Translated abstract

          Resumen A pesar de los beneficios bien conocidos de la anestesia raquídea (AR), esta técnica sigue siendo subutilizada entre los anestesiólogos pediátricos. De acuerdo con los datos de la Red Regional de Anestesia Pediátrica, la AR representó menos del 5% de todas las técnicas neuroaxiales. Algunos de los factores a los que se atribuye dicha subutilización son: su duración limitada, la falta de familiaridad con la técnica en niños de menor edad, y la preferencia del anestesiólogo por la anestesia general. El uso seguro y exitoso de la AR en niños implica el claro conocimiento de las diferencias anatómicas y fisiológicas entre adultos y niños, en virtud de las diferencias en las estructuras óseas, el crecimiento de la médula espinal y la fisiología del líquido cefalorraquídeo. Los reportes sobre el uso exitoso de la AR en niños para diferentes cirugías ha aumentado. La presente revisión educativa resumen la información conocida sobre AR en niños, revisiones de la literatura de la última década y ofrece sugerencias para el desarrollo de la AR en población pediátrica. Se discuten consideraciones técnicas, el papel de la ecografía, orientación sobre la dosificación, los efectos fisiológicos, aspectos no explicados del mecanismo de acción y la combinación de anestesia raquídea/caudal.

          Related collections

          Most cited references72

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Effects of anesthesia on cerebral blood flow, metabolism, and neuroprotection

          Administration of anesthetic agents fundamentally shifts the responsibility for maintenance of homeostasis from the patient and their intrinsic physiological regulatory mechanisms to the anesthesiologist. Continuous delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain is necessary to prevent irreversible injury and arises from a complex series of regulatory mechanisms that ensure uninterrupted cerebral blood flow. Our understanding of these regulatory mechanisms and the effects of anesthetics on them has been driven by the tireless work of pioneers in the field. It is of paramount importance that the anesthesiologist shares this understanding. Herein, we will review the physiological determinants of cerebral blood flow and how delivery of anesthesia impacts these processes.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: not found
            • Article: not found

            The European Society of Regional Anaesthesia and Pain Therapy/American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Recommendations on Local Anesthetics and Adjuvants Dosage in Pediatric Regional Anesthesia

              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: not found
              • Article: not found

              Benefits of regional anesthesia in children.

                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Journal
                rca
                Colombian Journal of Anestesiology
                Rev. colomb. anestesiol.
                SCARE-Sociedad Colombiana de Anestesiología y Reanimación (Bogotá, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0120-3347
                2256-2087
                December 2024
                : 52
                : 4
                : 5
                Affiliations
                [1] Toronto orgnameThe Hospital for Sick Children orgdiv1Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Canada
                [2] Toronto Ontario orgnameUniversity of Toronto orgdiv1Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine Canada
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2867-1072
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7569-4495
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3203-9079
                Article
                S0120-33472024000400005 S0120-3347(24)05200400005
                10.5554/22562087.e1118
                517e8dde-1984-4fdd-8e96-341ace8e42c3

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 May 2024
                : 18 June 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 72, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Special article

                Anesthesia,Surgery,Children,Infants,Newborns,Spinal anesthesia,Pediatric anesthesia,Anestesiología,Anestesia,Cirugía,Niños,Lactantes,Neonatos,Anestesia raquídea,Anestesia pediátrica,Anesthesiology

                Comments

                Comment on this article