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      Body weight perception and associated factors in students Translated title: Percepção do peso corporal e fatores associados em estudantes

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVE: to analyze the association between body weight perception and related variables in Elementary School students. METHODS: cross-sectional study performed in 2007 with schoolchildren aged 8 to 17, residents of Vitoria (ES). Anthropometric, demographic, socioeconomic and sexual maturation data were collected. Body weight perception was established by one single question as to what the children thought of their own body weight in relation to their height. Logistic regression analysis stratified by gender was used to verify the associations among body weight perception and age, body mass index, waist circumference, pubertal stage and socioeconomic status. The reference category for analysis was "adequate weight perception". RESULTS: three hundred and ninety-seven students participated in the study, 52.4% were females, and the average age (standard deviation) was 12 (1.84) years. Nutritional status for boys and girls showed, respectively, 21.7% and 20.1% overweight, 76.9% and 77.8% normal weight for height, 1.4% and 2.1% underweight. There was statistic association between body weight perception and nutritional status (overweight) for both genders (boys: OR = 6.76; girls: OR = 19.58), and age (10 to 14 years) for boys (OR = 0.40). The other variables did not show any association. CONCLUSION: body weight perception was associated with nutritional status in both genders, and with age only for boys. This reinforces the need for health professionals to monitor these adolescents so that they should have a better understanding of their own bodies.

          Translated abstract

          OBJETIVO: analisar a associação entre percepção do peso corporal e variáveis relacionadas, em estudantes do ensino fundamental. MÉTODO: estudo transversal, realizado em 2007, com estudantes de 8 a 17 anos, residentes em Vitória, Espírito Santo (ES). Dados antropométricos, demográficos, socioeconômicos e de maturação sexual foram coletados. A percepção do peso corporal foi verificada por meio de pergunta única sobre o que os estudantes achavam do próprio peso corporal em relação à sua estatura. Análises de regressão logística, estratificadas por sexo, foram realizadas para verificar a associação entre percepção do peso corporal e faixa etária, estado nutricional, perímetro da cintura, estágio de maturação sexual e nível socioeconômico. A categoria de referência para as análises foi "percepção do peso adequado". RESULTADOS: participaram 397 estudantes, idade média (desvio -: padrão) 12 (1,84) anos, sendo 52,4% do sexo feminino. Em relação ao estado nutricional, meninos e meninas, respectivamente, apresentaram prevalências de 21,7% e 20,1% (excesso de peso), 76,9% e 77,8% (peso adequado para a estatura), e 1,4% e 2,1% (baixo peso). Houve associação estatisticamente significante entre percepção do peso corporal e estado nutricional (excesso de peso) em ambos os sexos (meninos: OR = 6,76; meninas: OR = 19,58) e faixa etária (10 a 14 anos) para os meninos (OR = 0,40). CONCLUSÃO: a percepção do peso corporal associou-se ao estado nutricional em ambos os sexos, e à faixa etária apenas em meninos. Isso reforça a necessidade do acompanhamento desses adolescentes por profissionais de saúde, visando uma melhor consciência do próprio corpo.

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          Body image in children and adolescents: where do we go from here?

          During the past two decades, there has been an explosion of research concerning body image in children and adolescence. This research has been fueled both by concern about the effects of poor body image in children and adolescents themselves and by the assumption that body dissatisfaction during childhood and adolescence creates risk for the development of body image and eating disturbances as well as depression in adulthood. The extant research, however, has remained largely descriptive and is marked by methodological problems. The purpose of the present paper is to identify substantial gaps in the literature concerning body image in children and adolescents. The focus is on four major issues: (1) measurement, (2) epidemiological data, (3) developmental trends, and (4) the meaning of gender. Addressing these and related questions will aid in the development of treatment and prevention programs.
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            What is body image?

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              Association between socioeconomic status, weight, age and gender, and the body image and weight control practices of 6- to 19-year-old children and adolescents.

              The aim of the study was to examine the effect of socioeconomic status (SES), age, weight and gender on the body image and weight control practices of children and adolescents, and to investigate whether health education about weight issues should target low socioeconomic groups. The study participants were a randomly selected group of school children who completed a questionnaire, and had their height and weight measured. Participants (n = 1131) were aged 6-19 years from 12 schools in New South Wales. SES, age, gender, body weight, body image, skipping breakfast, physical self-esteem, attempts to lose or gain weight, and dietary and weight control advice received from others were examined. Log-linear, chi 2 and MANOVA analyses were used to determine interactions between variables. Low SES children were more likely to be overweight, to skip breakfast, to perceive themselves as 'too thin', to be trying to gain weight and less likely to receive dietary or weight control advice. Physical self-esteem was lowest among overweight girls of middle/upper SES and greatest among boys of low SES, despite the latter being more likely to be overweight. Being overweight does not appear to adversely affect the physical self-esteem of children of low SES, particularly boys. Health educators should examine these issues with young people to help make health education and nutrition education most relevant and appropriate.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbcdh
                Journal of Human Growth and Development
                J. Hum. Growth Dev.
                Centro de Estudos de Crescimento e Desenvolvimento do Ser Humano (Santo André, SP, Brazil )
                0104-1282
                2175-3598
                2013
                : 23
                : 2
                : 170-176
                Affiliations
                [02] Vitória ES orgnameSecretaria Estadual de Saúde do Espírito Santo
                [01] São Paulo SP orgnameUniversidade de São Paulo orgdiv1Faculdade de Saúde Pública
                Article
                S0104-12822013000200008 S0104-1282(13)02300200008
                49299857-86cc-46c8-864c-5cf7c6e122df

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 15 October 2012
                : 02 May 2013
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 33, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Periódicos Eletrônicos em Psicologia

                Categories
                Original Research

                peso corporal,imagem corporal,estado nutricional,adolescente,body weight,body image,nutritional status,adolescents

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