Restoration of fluid balance after exercise-induced dehydration: effects of alcohol consumption

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Abstract

Shirreffs, Susan M., and Ronald J Maughan. Restoration of fluid balance after exercise-induced dehydration: effects of alcohol consumption. J. Appl. Physiol. 83(4): 1152–1158, 1997.—The effect of alcohol consumption on the restoration of fluid and electrolyte balance after exercise-induced dehydration [2.01 ± 0.10% (SD) of body mass] was investigated. Drinks containing 0, 1, 2, and 4% alcohol were consumed over 60 min beginning 30 min after the end of exercise; a different beverage was consumed in each of four trials. The volume consumed (2,212 ± 153 ml) was equivalent to 150% of body mass loss. Peak urine flow rate occurred later ( P = 0.024) with the 4% beverage. The total volume of urine produced over the 6 h after rehydration, although not different between trials ( P = 0.307), tended to increase as the quantity of alcohol ingested increased. The increase in blood ( P = 0.013) and plasma ( P = 0.050) volume with rehydration was slower when the 4% beverage was consumed and did not increase to values significantly greater than the dehydrated level ( P = 0.013 and P = 0.050 for blood volume and plasma volume, respectively); generally, the increase was an inverse function of the quantity of alcohol consumed. These results suggest that alcohol has a negligible diuretic effect when consumed in dilute solution after a moderate level of hypohydration induced by exercise in the heat. There appears to be no difference in recovery from dehydration whether the rehydration beverage is alcohol free or contains up to 2% alcohol, but drinks containing 4% alcohol tend to delay the recovery process.

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Post-exercise rehydration in man: effects of volume consumed and drink sodium content.

D. Taylor, S Shirreffs, R Maughan … (1996)

The interaction between the volume and composition of fluids ingested was investigated in terms of rehydration effectiveness. Twelve male volunteers, dehydrated by 2.06 +/- 0.02% (mean +/- SE) of body mass by intermittent cycle exercise, consumed a different drink volume on four separate weeks; six subjects received drink L (23 mmol.l-1 Na+) in each trial and six were given drink H (61 mmol.l-1 Na+). Volumes consumed were equivalent to 50%, 100%, 150%, and 200% of body mass loss (trials A, B, C, and D, respectively). Blood and urine samples were obtained before exercise and for 7.5 h after exercise. Less urine was excreted following rehydration in trial A than in all other trials. Cumulative urine output (median ml) was less in trial B (493, range 181-731) than D (1361, range 1014-1984), which was not different from trial C (867, range 263-1191) in group L. In group H, the volume excreted in trial B (260, range 137-376) was less than trials C (602, range 350-994) and D (1001, range 714-1425), and the volume in trial C was less than in trial D. These results suggest that both sodium concentration and fluid volume consumed interact to affect the rehydration process. A drink volume greater than sweat loss during exercise must be ingested to restore fluid balance, but unless the sodium content of the beverage is sufficiently high this will merely result in an increased urinary output.