Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring Changes in Periodontal Ligaments and Gingival Crevicular Fluid

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Abstract

Micro-Raman Spectroscopy is an efficient method for analyzing biological specimens due to its sensitivity to subtle chemical and structural changes. The aim of this study was to use micro-Raman spectroscopy to analyze chemical and structural changes in periodontal ligament after orthodontic force application and in gingival crevicular fluid in presence of periodontal disease. The biopsy of periodontal ligament samples of premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons and the gingival crevicular fluid samples collected by using absorbent paper cones; were analyzed by micro-Raman spectroscopy. Changes of the secondary protein structure related to different times of orthodontic force application were reported; whereas an increase of carotene was revealed in patients affected by periodontal inflammation.

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Protection of SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells from Glutamate-Induced Apoptosis by 3,6′-Disinapoyl Sucrose, a Bioactive Compound Isolated from Radix Polygala

Yuan-yuan Hu, Jie Li, Ping Liu … (2011)

The neuroprotective effects of 3,6′-disinapoyl sucrose (DISS) from Radix Polygala against glutamate-induced SH-SY5Y neuronal cells injury were evaluated in the present study. SH-SY5Y neuronal cells were pretreated with glutamate (8 mM) for 30 min followed by cotreatment with DISS for 12 h. Cell viability was determined by (3,4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenylte-trazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and apoptosis was confirmed by cell morphology and flow cytometry assay, evaluated with propidium iodide dye. Treatment with DISS (0.6, 6, and 60 μmol/L) increased cell viability dose dependently, inhibited LDH release, and attenuated apoptosis. The mechanisms by which DISS protected neuron cells from glutamate-induced excitotoxicity included the downregulation of proapoptotic gene Bax and the upregulation of antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2. The present findings indicated that DISS exerts neuroprotective effects against glutamate toxicity, which might be of importance and contribute to its clinical efficacy for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.

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Secondary structure and dosage of soluble and membrane proteins by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy on hydrated films.

E Goormaghtigh, V Cabiaux, J Ruysschaert (1990)

Attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy of thin hydrated films of soluble and membrane protein included in a phospholipid bilayer is shown to provide useful information as to the secondary structure of the protein. The analysis of the amide I band of deuterated samples by Fourier self-deconvolution followed by a curve fitting was performed by a new procedure in which all the input parameters are generated by the computer rather than by the investigator. The results of this analysis provide a correct estimation of the alpha-helix and beta-sheet structure content with a standard deviation of 8.6% when X-ray structures are taken as a reference. We also show that the orientation of the different secondary structures resolved by the Fourier self-deconvolution/curve-fitting procedure and of the phospholipid acyl chains can be simultaneously evaluated for membrane proteins reconstituted in a lipid bilayer. Of special interest for reconstitution of membrane proteins, the lipid/protein ratio can be accurately and quickly determined from the infrared spectrum.

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A longitudinal study of various crevicular fluid components as markers of periodontal disease activity.

P Brochut, G Cimasoni, David E. Andersen … (1996)

In order to examine the relationship of possible crevicular biochemical parameters to attachment loss (ALOSS), 330 sites from 8 untreated adult patients were monitored longitudinally at 3-month intervals, for up to 1 year. Attachment levels were measured with a force-sensing probe and an acrylic stent in duplicates at each study point. Crevicular samples were collected and used for the determination of the following 11 markers: number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), osteocalcin (OC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), collagenase (COL), beta-glucuronidase (BG), antigenic and functional elastase (AEL and FEL), alpha-1 antitrypsin (a1AT), alpha-2 macroglobulin (a2M) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). 10 sites with ALOSS of > or = 1.5 mm per 3 months (active sites) and 43 sites with negligible changes (inactive sites) were identified. Total amounts of ALP, BG and COL were found to be significantly higher in active as compared to inactive sites, prior to significant ALOSS, without any significant differences in crevicular fluid volume and clinical indices. When biochemical parameters were expressed as ratios to the number of PMNs, PGE2/ PMNs was significantly elevated in active sites. The capacity of such individual parameters to distinguish between active and inactive sites was limited. However, linear discriminant analysis using total amounts of PGE2, COL, ALP, a2M, OC and AEL showed more significant diagnostic values (sensitivity: 80%, specificity: 91%). These findings suggest that the combination of several biochemical parameters in crevicular fluid could give more information to predict future clinical ALOSS.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Sensors (Basel)

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Sensors (Basel)

Title: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

Publisher: MDPI

ISSN (Electronic): 1424-8220

Publication date Collection: December 2014

Publication date (Electronic): 27 November 2014

Volume: 14

Issue: 12

Pages: 22552-22563

Affiliations

[1 ] CNR-SPIN, Istituto Superconduttori, Materiali Innovativi e Dispositivi, via Campi Flegrei 34, Pozzuoli 80078, Italy

[2 ] Dip. Multidisciplinare di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche e Odontoiatriche, Seconda Università di Napoli, via L. De Crecchio 6, Napoli 80138, Italy; E-Mails: fabriziadapuzzo@ 123456gmail.com (F.A.); grassiavincenzo@ 123456libero.it (V.G.); letizia.perillo@ 123456unina2.it (L.P.)

[3 ] Dip. di Medicina Sperimentale, Seconda Università di Napoli, S. Maria di Costantinopoli 16, Napoli 80138, Italy; E-Mail: maria.lepore@ 123456unina2.it

Author notes

External Editor: Alberto Vallan

[* ] Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: carlo.camerlingo@ 123456spin.cnr.it ; Tel.: +39-081-867-5044; Fax: +39-081-804-2519.

Article

Publisher ID: sensors-14-22552

DOI: 10.3390/s141222552

PMC ID: 4299027

PubMed ID: 25436655

SO-VID: 41c17088-aa52-4e65-866a-8cd964d3d269

License:

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

History

Date received : 10 October 2014

Date revision received : 08 November 2014

Date accepted : 20 November 2014

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Micro-Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring Changes in Periodontal Ligaments and Gingival Crevicular Fluid

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Most cited references 24

Protection of SH-SY5Y Neuronal Cells from Glutamate-Induced Apoptosis by 3,6′-Disinapoyl Sucrose, a Bioactive Compound Isolated from Radix Polygala

Secondary structure and dosage of soluble and membrane proteins by attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy on hydrated films.

A longitudinal study of various crevicular fluid components as markers of periodontal disease activity.

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Cited by 11

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