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      Position paper of the GMA Committee Interprofessional Education in the Health Professions – current status and outlook Translated title: Positionspapier GMA-Ausschuss Interprofessionelle Ausbildung in den Gesundheitsberufen – aktueller Stand und Zukunftsperspektiven

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          Abstract

          In the wake of local initiatives and developmental funding programs, interprofessionality is now included in national curricula in the German-speaking countries. Based on the 3P model (presage, process, product), this position paper presents the development of interprofessional education in recent years in Germany, Austria and Switzerland and places it in an international context. Core aspects as legal frameworks, including amendments to occupational regulations as well as the formation of networks and faculty development are basic requirements for interprofessional education. New topics and educational settings take shape in the process of interprofessional education: patient perspectives and teaching formats, such as online courses, become more important or are newly established. The influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on interprofessional education is explored as well. Among many new interprofessional courses, particularly the implementation of interprofessional training wards in Germany and Switzerland are positive examples of successful interprofessional education. The objective of interprofessional education continues to be the acquisition of interprofessional competencies. The main focus is now centered on evaluating this educational format and testing for the corresponding competencies. In the future, more capacities will be required for interprofessional continuing education and post-graduate education. Structured research programs are essential to ascertain the effects of interprofessional education in the German-speaking countries.

          In this position paper the GMA committee on interprofessional education encourages further advancement of this topic and expresses the aim to continue cooperating with other networks to strengthen and intensify interprofessional education and collaboration in healthcare.

          Translated abstract

          Das Thema der Interprofessionalität in den deutschsprachigen Ländern hat nach lokalen Initiativen und Förderprogrammen in nationale Ausbildungspläne Einzug erhalten. Angelehnt an das 3P Modell („Presage, Process, Product“; dt. in etwa: Rahmenbedingungen, Prozess, Produkt/Ergebnis) zeigt das nun neu vorliegende Positionspapier die Entwicklung interprofessioneller Ausbildung der letzten Jahre in Deutschland, in Österreich und in der Schweiz auf und setzt diese in einen internationalen Kontext. Neben rechtlichen Aspekten wie Veränderungen in den Berufsgesetzen zählen Netzwerkbildung und Fakultätsentwicklung zu den identifizierten Rahmenbedingungen. Im Prozess der interprofessionellen Ausbildung kristallisieren sich neue Themenfelder und Bildungssettings heraus, die Perspektive der Patient*innen und didaktische Formate wie Online-Angebote nehmen eine wichtigere Rolle ein bzw. wurden neu etabliert. In einem Exkurs werden darüber hinaus die Einflüsse der COVID-19-Pandemie auf interprofessionelle Ausbildung beleuchtet. Neben vielen neuen interprofessionellen Lernangeboten ist die Schaffung interprofessioneller Ausbildungsstationen in Deutschland und der Schweiz als Positivbeispiel für gelungene interprofessionelle Ausbildung hervorzuheben. Das Ziel interprofessioneller Ausbildung ist weiterhin der Erwerb interprofessioneller Kompetenzen. Im Fokus stehen dabei nun die Evaluation und Bewertung dieser Ausbildungsform sowie das (Über-)Prüfen entsprechender Kompetenzen. Zukünftig wird mehr Raum für die interprofessionelle Fort- und Weiterbildung nötig sein. Strukturierte Forschungsprogramme sind essenziell, um die Effekte von interprofessioneller Ausbildung im DACH-Raum nachweisen zu können.

          In diesem Positionspapier regt der GMA Ausschuss für Interprofessionelle Ausbildung an, dieses Thema weiter voranzubringen und möchte gemeinsam mit anderen entstandenen Netzwerken weiterhin für eine Stärkung und Intensivierung von interprofessioneller Ausbildung und Zusammenarbeit im Gesundheitswesen sorgen.

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          A BEME systematic review of the effects of interprofessional education: BEME Guide No. 39.

          Interprofessional education (IPE) aims to bring together different professionals to learn with, from, and about one another in order to collaborate more effectively in the delivery of safe, high-quality care for patients/clients. Given its potential for improving collaboration and care delivery, there have been repeated calls for the wider-scale implementation of IPE across education and clinical settings. Increasingly, a range of IPE initiatives are being implemented and evaluated which are adding to the growth of evidence for this form of education.
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            The effectiveness of interprofessional education in healthcare: A systematic review and meta-analysis

            Interprofessional education (IPE) emphasizes collaborative practice that aims at promoting the working relationships between two or more healthcare professions. However, there is paucity of literature about the effectiveness of IPE program in the healthcare. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to objectively determine the effectiveness of IPE in that field in terms of the improvement of students' knowledge, skills and attitudes. The databases of OVID, ISI Knowledge of Science, and Medline (PubMed) were searched for the full-text English language articles published during 2000-2016 using the MeSH terms "interprofessional education" AND "healthcare professionals" AND "multi-professional" AND "impact" AND "effectiveness" OR "collaborative practice" OR "medical students" in Endnote X7. A systematic search finally selected 12 articles for detailed review and meta-analysis. The effect summary value of 1.37 with confidence interval of 0.92-1.82 identifies statistically significant effectiveness of intervention by IPE program in healthcare. The Z test value of 5.99, significant at 5% level of significance, also shows a significant impact of IPE intervention as calculated by the random-effects model. This meta-analysis shows a positive impact and effectiveness of educational intervention by IPE program in various disciplines of healthcare. However, analysis of further clinical trials may be helpful in identifying the effect of IPE program on the students' clinical competence.
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              CanMEDS 2015 Physician Competency Framework

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS J Med Educ
                GMS Journal for Medical Education
                German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
                2366-5017
                14 April 2022
                2022
                : 39
                : 2
                : Doc17
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Careum Foundation, Zurich, Switzerland
                [2 ]Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Bachelor “Biomedical Laboratory Diagnostics”, Wädenswil, Switzerland
                [3 ]Institute of Medical Education, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
                [4 ]Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Medical Faculty, Office of the Dean of Studies, Freiburg, Germany
                [5 ]Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Deans Office of Study Affairs, Semester Coordination, Berlin, Germany
                [6 ]University of Applied Sciences, Department of Applied Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Bochum, Germany
                [7 ]Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute of Health and Nursing Science, Berlin, Germany
                [8 ]Heidelberg University Hospital, Department of General Medicine and Health Services Research, Heidelberg, Germany
                [9 ]fh gesundheit, fhg - Health University of Applied Sciences Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
                [10 ]Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department of Health, Office for Interprofessional Teaching, Bern, Switzerland
                [11 ]Witten/Herdecke University, Faculty of Health, Department of Human Medicine, Witten, Germany
                [12 ]University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, Department of General Pediatrics, Adolescent Medicine and Neonatology, Medical Centre, Teaching and Teaching Research/Teaching Development Working Group, Freiburg, Germany
                [13 ]Protestant University of Applied Sciences Berlin, Bachelor of Nursing degree program, Berlin, Germany
                [14 ]Fliedner Fachhochschule Düsseldorf, University of Applied Sciences, Nursing Education, Düsseldorf, Germany
                [15 ]Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Department of Interprofessional Teaching and Practice, Winterthur, Switzerland
                [16 ]Ulm University, Ulm University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Ulm, Germany
                Author notes
                *To whom correspondence should be addressed: Sebastin F. N. Bode, Ulm University, Ulm University Medical Center, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Eythstr. 24, D-89075 Ulm, Germany
                Article
                zma001538 Doc17 urn:nbn:de:0183-zma0015381
                10.3205/zma001538
                9174072
                35692364
                3d7b1d84-d262-4cbb-b2d5-d7166b3b3c94
                Copyright © 2022 Kaap-Fröhlich et al.

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. See license information at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

                History
                : 16 November 2021
                : 16 February 2022
                : 31 January 2022
                Categories
                Article

                interprofessional learning,interprofessional education,interprofessional collaborative practice,competencies,evaluation,networks

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