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      Disfagia e acidente vascular cerebral: relação entre o grau de severidade e o nível de comprometimento neurológico Translated title: Dysphagia and cerebrovascular accident: relationship between severity degree and level of neurological impairment

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          Abstract

          O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a ocorrência de disfagia após acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) isquêmico agudo durante as primeiras 48 horas de aparecimento dos sintomas para o estabelecimento de uma possível relação entre o nível de comprometimento neurológico e o grau de severidade da disfagia. Após a admissão hospitalar de emergência, três pacientes passaram por avaliação clínica neurológica, composta por exame físico geral, exame neurológico e aplicação da NationalInstitute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS); e avaliação clínica da deglutição por meio do Protocolo Fonoaudiológico de Avaliação do Risco para Disfagia (PARD). Dos pacientes avaliados, um apresentou deglutição funcional, com NIHSS 11, e dois apresentaram disfagia orofaríngea leve e moderada, sendo o NIHSS 15 e 19, respectivamente. O fluxo do serviço e a procura tardia dos pacientes por auxílio médico determinaram o baixo número de amostra. Os resultados obtidos confirmam os dados da literatura em relação à gravidade do paciente neurológico e à manifestação de disfagia.

          Translated abstract

          The aim of this case study was to verify the occurrence of dysphagia in acute ischemic stroke within 48 hours after the onset of the first symptoms, in order to establish a possible relationship between the level of neurologic impairment and the severity degree of dysphagia. After emergency hospital admission, three patients underwent neurological clinical evaluation (general physical examination, neurological examination, and application of the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale - NIHSS), and clinical assessment of swallowing using the Protocolo Fonoaudiológico de Avaliação do Risco para Disfagia (PARD - Speech-Language Pathology Protocol for Risk Evaluation for Dysphagia). One of the patients presented functional swallowing (NIHSS score 11), while the other two had mild and moderate oropharyngeal dysphagia (NIHSS scores 15 and 19, respectively). The service flow and the delay on the patients' search for medical care determined the small sample. The findings corroborate literature data regarding the severity of the neurological condition and the manifestation of dysphagia.

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          Most cited references27

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          Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2011 Update

          Circulation, 123(4)
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            Complications and Outcome After Acute Stroke: Does Dysphagia Matter?

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              The natural history and functional consequences of dysphagia after hemispheric stroke.

              D Barer (1989)
              Data from 357 conscious stroke patients taking part in an acute intervention trial and assessed within 48 hours of the onset of symptoms, were used to investigate the prevalence and natural history of swallowing problems. Nearly 30% of patients with single-hemisphere strokes were initially found to have difficulty swallowing a mouthful of water, but in most of those who survived, the deficit had resolved by the end of the first week. Strong correlations were found between dysphagia and speech impairment (comprehension and expression) and with facial weakness, but there was no association with the side of the stroke. After controlling for other markers of overall stroke severity such as conscious level, urinary continence, white blood cell count and strength in the affected limbs, swallowing impairment still showed a significant inverse correlation with functional ability at 1 and 6 months. These results indicate that, even if dysphagia itself is not responsible for much excess mortality in acute stroke, it might still lead to complications which hamper functional recovery.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jsbf
                Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia
                J. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                2179-6491
                December 2011
                : 23
                : 4
                : 385-389
                Affiliations
                [01] Porto Alegre RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre orgdiv1Departamento de Fonoaudiologia Brasil
                [03] Santa Maria RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria orgdiv1Departamento de Fonoaudiologia Brasil
                [02] Porto Alegre RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre orgdiv1Departamento de Clínica Médica Brasil
                Article
                S2179-64912011000400016 S2179-6491(11)02300416
                10.1590/S2179-64912011000400016
                34322c1d-09ce-48a2-b830-85a842cb2a57

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 August 2011
                : 25 January 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 5
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Relatos de Caso

                Rapid evaluation,Avaliação rápida,Stroke,Evaluation,Acidente vascular cerebral,Dysphagia,Exame neurológico,Neurological examination,Avaliação,Transtornos de deglutição

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