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      Prevalência de sofrimento psíquico em pessoas idosas: um estudo de base comunitária Translated title: Prevalence of psychic suffering in old people: a community-based study

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          Abstract

          Resumo Objetivos Verificar a prevalência do sofrimento psíquico em uma população de idosos da comunidade e analisar a sua correlação com idade, anos de escolaridade, nível socioeconômico, sexo, morbidade referida, autopercepção de saúde, autopercepção visual, autopercepção auditiva e síndromes geriátricas (fragilidade, medo de cair, capacidade funcional e quedas). Método Estudo transversal com 315 idosos, não institucionalizados, residentes em Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brasil, em 2015. Os dados foram coletados através de inquérito domiciliar e o sofrimento psíquico pode ser observado naquela população idosa com a aplicação do Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). Para verificar a associação da variável desfecho com as variáveis explicativas, usou-se teste qui-quadrado (χ²) de Pearson. O nível de significância adotado no estudo foi de 5%. Resultados A prevalência de sofrimento psíquico entre os idosos foi de 41,8% (IC95% 36,5–47,4%). Verificou-se associação entre o PHQ-4 e sexo (ρ=0,001), morbidade referida (ρ=0,020), autopercepção de saúde (ρ<0,001), autopercepção visual (ρ=0,001), autopercepção auditiva (ρ=0,034), capacidade funcional (ρ=0,003) e fragilidade (ρ=0,000) Conclusões o sofrimento psíquico é uma condição frequente entre idosos. O conhecimento dos fatores associados a esse evento pode contribuir para um modelo de cuidado em saúde que estimule o envelhecimento ativo e saudável.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objectives To verify the prevalence of psychic suffering in an old population in the community and analyze its correlation with age, years of education, socioeconomic level, gender, reported morbidity, self-perceived health, visual self-perception, self-perception of hearing, and geriatric syndromes (frailty, fear of falling, functional capacity, and falls). Method A cross-sectional study with 315 non-institutionalized old people living in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, in 2015. Data were collected through a household survey, and the psychic suffering can be observed in that old population with the use of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-4). The Pearson’s chi-square test (χ²) was used to verify the association between the outcome variable and the explanatory variables. The level of significance adopted in the study was 5%. Results The prevalence of psychic suffering among the old people was 41.8% (95% CI 36.5–47.4%). There was an association between the PHQ-4 and gender (ρ=0.001), reported morbidity (ρ=0.020), self-perceived health (ρ <0.001), visual self-perception (ρ=0.001), self-perception of hearing (ρ=0.034), functional capacity (ρ=0.003), and fragility (ρ=0.000). Conclusions psychic suffering is a common condition among old people. Knowledge of the factors associated with this event can contribute to a health care model that encourages active and healthy aging.

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          Most cited references35

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          Assessment of Older People: Self-Maintaining and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living

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            A 4-item measure of depression and anxiety: validation and standardization of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) in the general population.

            The 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) is an ultra-brief self-report questionnaire that consists of a 2-item depression scale (PHQ-2) and a 2-item anxiety scale (GAD-2). Given that PHQ-4, PHQ-2, and GAD-2 have not been validated in the general population, this study aimed to investigate their reliability and validity in a large general population sample and to generate normative data. A nationally representative face-to-face household survey was conducted in Germany in 2006. The survey questionnaire consisted of the PHQ-4, other self-report instruments, and demographic characteristics. Of the 5030 participants (response rate=72.9%), 53.6% were female and mean (SD) age was 48.4 (18.0) years. The sociodemographic characteristics of the study sample closely match those of the total populations in Germany as well as those in the United States. Confirmatory factor analyses showed very good fit indices for a two-factor solution (RMSEA .027; 90% CI .023-.032). All models tested were structurally invariant between different age and gender groups. Construct validity of the PHQ-4, PHQ-2, and GAD-2 was supported by intercorrelations with other self-report scales and with demographic risk factors for depression and anxiety. PHQ-2 and GAD-2 scores of 3 corresponded to percentile ranks of 93.4% and 95.2%, respectively, whereas PHQ-2 and GAD-2 scores of 5 corresponded to percentile ranks of 99.0% and 99.2%, respectively. A criterion standard diagnostic interview for depression and anxiety was not included. Results from this study support the reliability and validity of the PHQ-4, PHQ-2, and GAD-2 as ultra-brief measures of depression and anxiety in the general population. The normative data provided in this study can be used to compare a subject's scale score with those determined from a general population reference group. Copyright 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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              An Ultra-Brief Screening Scale for Anxiety and Depression: The PHQ–4

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rbgg
                Revista Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia
                Rev. bras. geriatr. gerontol.
                Universidade do Estado do Rio Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                1809-9823
                1981-2256
                2020
                : 23
                : 5
                : e200246
                Affiliations
                [1] Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brazil
                [2] Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brazil
                [3] Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal de Juiz de Fora orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brazil
                Article
                S1809-98232020000500207 S1809-9823(20)02300500207
                10.1590/1981-22562020023.200246
                33ef2b40-0743-47d5-b87e-322c2cdfbde2

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 11 August 2020
                : 11 March 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 35, Pages: 0
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Envelhecimento,Saúde do Idoso,Saúde Mental,Estresse Psicológico,Estudos Transversais,Aging,Health of the Elderly,Mental Health,Stress Psychological,Cross-Sectional Studies

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