Anti-bacterial surfaces: natural agents, mechanisms of action, and plasma surface modification

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Abstract

This article reviews antibacterial surface strategies based on reactive plasma chemistry, focusing on how plasma-assisted processing of natural antimicrobial agents can produce antifouling and antibacterial materials for biomedical devices.

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Silver as antibacterial agent: ion, nanoparticle, and metal.

Svitlana Chernousova, Matthias Epple (2013)

The antibacterial action of silver is utilized in numerous consumer products and medical devices. Metallic silver, silver salts, and also silver nanoparticles are used for this purpose. The state of research on the effect of silver on bacteria, cells, and higher organisms is summarized. It can be concluded that the therapeutic window for silver is narrower than often assumed. However, the risks for humans and the environment are probably limited. Copyright © 2013 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

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Graphene-based antibacterial paper.

Wenbing Hu, Cheng Peng, Weijie Luo … (2010)

Graphene is a monolayer of tightly packed carbon atoms that possesses many interesting properties and has numerous exciting applications. In this work, we report the antibacterial activity of two water-dispersible graphene derivatives, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets. Such graphene-based nanomaterials can effectively inhibit the growth of E. coli bacteria while showing minimal cytotoxicity. We have also demonstrated that macroscopic freestanding GO and rGO paper can be conveniently fabricated from their suspension via simple vacuum filtration. Given the superior antibacterial effect of GO and the fact that GO can be mass-produced and easily processed to make freestanding and flexible paper with low cost, we expect this new carbon nanomaterial may find important environmental and clinical applications.