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      Consenso de la Rama de Genética de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría sobre las anomalías congénitas de mal pronóstico vital (ACMPV): Genetics Consensus Committee Translated title: Congenital anomalies of poor prognosis

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          Abstract

          Introducción: La rama de genética de la Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría, en relación con el proyecto de ley que regula la despenalización de la interrupción voluntaria del embarazo en 3 causales, centrándose en la segunda causal que considera al «embrión o feto que padezca una alteración estructural congénita o genética incompatible con la vida extrauterina», se reunió para discutir conforme a la evidencia científica qué anomalías congénitas (AC) podrían ser incluidas en el proyecto de ley. Metodología: Los expertos en genética clínica se centraron en 10 AC. Se efectuó revisión bibliográfica y una reunión extraordinaria para discutirla. Resultados: Se acordó no emplear el término «incompatible con la vida extrauterina», pues existen excepciones de sobrevidas más prolongadas y cambiar por «anomalía congénita de mal pronóstico vital (ACMPV)». Se evaluaron 10 AC: defectos graves de cierre del tubo neural: anencefalia, iniencefalia y craneorraquisquisis, hipoplasia pulmonar, feto acardio, ectopia cordis, triploidía no mosaico, complejo limb body wall, anomalía body stalk, trisomía 13, trisomía 18 y agenesia renal bilateral. Se analizaron los hallazgos sobre prevalencia, historia natural, métodos diagnósticos prenatales, sobrevida, casos descritos de sobrevida prolongada. Para catalogarlas como ACMPV se consideraron: sobrevida posnatal, existencia de tratamientos y evolución posterior e historia natural sin intervenciones. Conclusión: Las ACMPV incluidas serían: anencefalia, hipoplasia pulmonar severa, feto acardio, ectopia cordis cervical, triploidía no mosaico, complejo limb body wall, anomalía body stalk, trisomía 13 no mosaico, trisomía 18 no mosaico y agenesia renal bilateral. Se requiere para el diagnóstico que toda mujer gestante tenga acceso a evaluaciones ecográficas de anatomía fetal, y en ocasiones a resonancia magnética y estudios citogenéticos y moleculares.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: The Genetic Branch of the Chilean Society of Paediatrics, given the draft Law governing the decriminalisation of abortion on three grounds, focusing on the second ground, which considers the "embryo or foetus suffering from a congenital structural anomaly or a genetic disorder incompatible with life outside the womb", met to discuss the scientific evidence according to which congenital anomalies (CA) may be included in this draft law. Methodology: Experts in clinical genetics focused on 10 CA, reviewed the literature evidence, and met to discuss it. Results: It was agreed not to use the term "incompatible with life outside the womb", as there are exceptions and longer survivals, and change to "congenital anomaly of poor prognosis (CAPP)". Ten CA were evaluated: serious defects of neural tube closure: anencephaly, iniencephaly and craniorachischisis, pulmonary hypoplasia, acardiac foetus, ectopia cordis, non-mosaic triploidy, "limb body wall" complex, "body stalk" anomaly, trisomy 13, trisomy 18, and bilateral renal agenesis. Findings on the prevalence, natural history, prenatal diagnostic methods, survival, and reported cases of prolonged survival were analysed. Post-natal survival, existence of treatments, and outcomes, as well as natural history without intervention, were taken into account in classifying a CA as a CAPP. Conclusion: A CAPP would be: anencephaly, severe pulmonary hypoplasia, acardiac foetus, cervical ectopia cordis, non-mosaic triploidy, limb body wall complex, body stalk anomaly, non-mosaic trisomy 13, non-mosaic trisomy 18, and bilateral renal agenesis. For their diagnosis, it is required that all pregnant women have access to assessments by foetal anatomy ultrasound and occasionally MRI, and cytogenetic and molecular testing.

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          Contributors
          Role: ND
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          Journal
          rcp
          Revista chilena de pediatría
          Rev. chil. pediatr.
          Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría
          0370-4106
          October 2016
          : 87
          : 5
          : 422-431
          Affiliations
          [1 ] Universidad de Chile Chile
          [2 ] Hospital Sótero del Río Chile
          [3 ] Hospital Luis Calvo Mackenna Chile
          [4 ] Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile
          [5 ] Clínica Santa María Chile
          [6 ] Clínica Indisa Chile
          [7 ] Clínica Dávila Chile
          [8 ] Clínica Las Condes Chile
          [9 ] Universidad de Chile Chile
          [10 ] Hospital San Juan de Dios Chile
          [11 ] Clínica Alemana Chile
          Article
          S0370-41062016000500014
          10.1016/j.rchipe.2016.04.005
          27234469
          334ca0b4-4d15-4984-afd3-4eb06d68bd83

          This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

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          Product

          SciELO Chile

          Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=0370-4106&lng=en
          Categories
          PEDIATRICS

          Pediatrics
          Anomalías congénitas,Alteraciones cromosómicas,Pronóstico,Aborto,Congenital anomalies,Chromosomal aberrations,Prognosis,Abortion

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