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      Childbearing intention and its associated factors: A systematic review

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          Abstract

          Aim

          This study aimed to provide comprehensive information about the core determinants of fertility intentions.

          Design

          Systematic review.

          Methods

          Ovid, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, SCOPUS and GOOGLE SCHOLAR were searched for the relevant articles published from 1946–December 2017. We updated our records by searching three computerized databases (Ovid MEDLINE, SCOPUS and WOS) from 2018–January 2021.

          Results

          53 studies included in the qualitative synthesis. The results of some studies indicated the impact of demographic factors, physical and psychological health, happiness and child desire. The most frequent variables in a couple's mesosystem were marital status, parity, partnership satisfaction and gender role attitude. The mesosystem of childbearing intention also included family and peers network. The EXEO system of the ECSM includes certain variables, such as job characteristics, urban residence, housing condition. The macrosystem comprises cultural and societal principles with broader influences on the couple's system.

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          Most cited references79

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          Why do people postpone parenthood? Reasons and social policy incentives.

          Melinda Mills, Ronald Rindfuss, Peter McDonald … (2011)
          Never before have parents in most Western societies had their first children as late as in recent decades. What are the central reasons for postponement? What is known about the link between the delay of childbearing and social policy incentives to counter these trends? This review engages in a systematic analysis of existing evidence to extract the maximum amount of knowledge about the reasons for birth postponement and the effectiveness of social policy incentives. The review followed the PRISMA procedure, with literature searches conducted in relevant demographic, social science and medical science databases (SocINDEX, Econlit, PopLine, Medline) and located via other sources. The search focused on subjects related to childbearing behaviour, postponement and family policies. National, international and individual-level data sources were also used to present summary statistics. There is clear empirical evidence of the postponement of the first child. Central reasons are the rise of effective contraception, increases in women's education and labour market participation, value changes, gender equity, partnership changes, housing conditions, economic uncertainty and the absence of supportive family policies. Evidence shows that some social policies can be effective in countering postponement. The postponement of first births has implications on the ability of women to conceive and parents to produce additional offspring. Massive postponement is attributed to the clash between the optimal biological period for women to have children with obtaining additional education and building a career. A growing body of literature shows that female employment and childrearing can be combined when the reduction in work-family conflict is facilitated by policy intervention.
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            Fertility in Advanced Societies: A Review of Research

            Nicoletta Balbo, Francesco C. Billari, Melinda Mills (2012)
            This paper provides a review of fertility research in advanced societies, societies in which birth control is the default option. The central aim is to provide a comprehensive review that summarizes how contemporary research has explained ongoing and expected fertility changes across time and space (i.e., cross- and within-country heterogeneity). A secondary aim is to provide an analytical synthesis of the core determinants of fertility, grouping them within the analytical level in which they operate. Determinants are positioned at the individual and/or couple level (micro-level), social relationships and social networks (meso-level); and, by cultural and institutional settings (macro-level). The focus is both on the quantum and on the tempo of fertility, with a particular focus on the postponement of childbearing. The review incorporates both theoretical and empirical contributions, with attention placed on empirically tested research and whether results support or falsify existing theoretical expectations. Attention is also devoted to causality and endogeneity issues. The paper concludes with an outline of the current challenges and opportunities for future research.
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              Gender equity, social institutions and the future of fertility

              Peter McDonald (2000)
              Article 0 comments Cited 104 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Mohammad Shariati: shariati.ir@yahoo.com
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Nurs Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Nurs Open
                Journal ID (doi): 10.1002/(ISSN)2054-1058
                Journal ID (publisher-id): NOP2
                Title: Nursing Open
                Publisher: John Wiley and Sons Inc. (Hoboken )
                ISSN (Electronic): 2054-1058
                Publication date (Electronic): 11 March 2021
                Publication date Collection: September 2021
                Volume: 8
                Issue: 5 ( doiID: 10.1002/nop2.v8.5 )
                Pages: 2354-2368
                Affiliations
                [ 1 ] Student Research Committee School of Nursing and Midwifery Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
                [ 2 ] Department of Community Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
                [ 3 ] School of Nursing and Midwifery Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
                [ 4 ] Center for Health Related Social and Behavioral Sciences Research Shahroud University of Medical Sciences Shahroud Iran
                Author notes
                [*] [* ] Correspondence

                Mohammad Shariati, Department of Community Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

                Email: shariati.ir@ 123456yahoo.com

                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7318-1656
                Article
                Publisher ID: NOP2849
                DOI: 10.1002/nop2.849
                PMC ID: 8363403
                PubMed ID: 33705606
                SO-VID: 2e701e9f-47a3-49ae-84df-1f700dc0a587
                Copyright © © 2021 The Authors. Nursing Open published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date revision received : 13 February 2021
                Date received : 31 July 2020
                Date accepted : 19 February 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 1, Pages: 15, Words: 8830
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article
                Subject: Review Articles
                Custom metadata
                source-schema-version-number 2.0
                cover-date September 2021
                details-of-publishers-convertor Converter:WILEY_ML3GV2_TO_JATSPMC version:6.0.5 mode:remove_FC converted:13.08.2021

                Keywords: childbearing intentions,ecological model,effective factors,systematic review
                Data availability:
                Keywords: childbearing intentions, ecological model, effective factors, systematic review

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