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      Efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma for acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy: a prospective cohort study

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          Abstract

          Background

          As the most common acute optic neuropathy in older patients, nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) presents with varying degrees of visual acuity loss and visual field defect. However, there is no generally accepted treatment for NAION.

          Objectives

          To evaluate the efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for patients with acute NAION within 2 months.

          Design

          A prospective, nonrandomized controlled trial.

          Methods

          Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients were enrolled. Of them, 13 received anisodine hydrobromide and butylphthalide-sodium chloride injection continuously for 10 days as basic treatment in the control group, and 12 received two tenon capsule injections of PRP on a 10 days interval as an additional treatment in the PRP group. We compared the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and capillary perfusion density (CPD) of radial peripapillary capillaries and the moth-eaten eara of the peripapillary superficial capillary plexus and deep capillary plexus at 1 day (D1) before the first PRP treatment and 7 days (D7), 14 days (D14), and 30 days (D30) after the first PRP injection. Ocular and systemic adverse effects were assessed.

          Results

          In the PRP group, a better BCVA occurred at D30 (adjusted p = 0.005, compared with D1, recovered from 0.67 ± 0.59 to 0.43 ± 0.59), and a significant improvement in CPD was observed at D30 (adjusted p < 0.001, p = 0.027, p = 0.027, compared with D1, D7, D14, in sequence, the value was 35.97 ± 4.65, 38.73 ± 4.61, 39.05 ± 5.26, 42.71 ± 4.72, respectively). CPD at D7 in the PRP group was better than that in the control group ( p = 0.043). However, neither BCVA nor the moth-eaten area index were significantly different (all p > 0.5) between the two groups. The main adverse effect was local discomfort resolved within 1 week, and no other systemic adverse events occurred.

          Conclusion

          Tenon capsule injection of PRP was a safe treatment for AION and could improve capillary perfusion of the optic nerve head and might be helpful in increasing short-term vision in patients with acute NAION.

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          Most cited references38

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          Ischemic Optic Neuropathies.

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            Platelet-Rich Plasma.

            Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a growing and robust therapeutic option in musculoskeletal medicine. PRP is a preparation of autologous plasma enriched with a platelet concentration above that normally contained in whole blood. The rationale for use and therapeutic potential of a high concentration of platelets is based on their capacity to supply supraphysiologic amounts of essential growth factors to provide a regenerative stimulus that promotes repair in tissues with low healing potential. This article reviews the latest basic science on PRP, clinical evidence for its use in musculoskeletal medicine, limitations in current knowledge, and critical areas for future research.
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              Incidence of nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy.

              Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy is the most common acute optic nerve disease of adults over age 50 years. This study determined the incidence of acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy in the circumscribed population of Olmsted County, Minnesota. This was a retrospective study of the incidence of acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy between 1981 and 1990. The Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records linkage system facilitates identification of the medical records of virtually all Olmsted County residents with a given diagnosis. All cases of acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy that fulfilled certain inclusion and exclusion criteria were identified. Twenty-two cases in 21 patients (11 men and 10 women) were recorded. The crude annual incidence rate was 10.3 per 100,000 individuals (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.1 to 18.4). When adjusted to the age and sex distribution of the 1990 United States white population, the incidence rate was 10.2 per 100,000 (95% CI = 6.5 to 15.6). At diagnosis, the median age was 72 years, mean visual acuity was 20/200 in the affected eye, and the most common visual field defect was an altitudinal deficit (10 cases). Although results of this small study should be interpreted cautiously, extrapolation of our findings to the United States white population indicates that nearly 5,700 new cases of acute nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy may be expected to occur each year in this group.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
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                Journal
                Front Med (Lausanne)
                Front Med (Lausanne)
                Front. Med.
                Frontiers in Medicine
                Frontiers Media S.A.
                2296-858X
                13 March 2024
                2024
                : 11
                : 1344107
                Affiliations
                [1] 1Senior Department of Ophthalmology, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital , Beijing, China
                [2] 2Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai, China
                [3] 3Department of Ophthalmology, Jinan University , Jinan, China
                [4] 4Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University , Hefei, China
                Author notes

                Edited by: Georgios D. Panos, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, United Kingdom

                Reviewed by: Zizhong Hu, Nanjing Medical University, China

                Xiaofei Wang, Beihang University, China

                *Correspondence: Quangang Xu, xuquangang@ 123456126.com

                These authors have contributed equally to this work

                Article
                10.3389/fmed.2024.1344107
                10993780
                38576708
                2c87c5c9-f3c7-4478-81fd-e2d38e12cb8b
                Copyright © 2024 Jin, Fu, Lv, Hao, Wang, Sun, Xu, Zhang, Zhang, Li, Xu and Hou.

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                : 25 November 2023
                : 01 February 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 3, Tables: 4, Equations: 0, References: 38, Pages: 9, Words: 6365
                Funding
                The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.
                Categories
                Medicine
                Original Research
                Custom metadata
                Ophthalmology

                platelet-rich plasma,nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy,prospective controlled trial,oct angiography,efficacy and safety analyses

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