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      Intersectoral collaboration for supporting the health and wellbeing of Aboriginal families and children in out-of-home care: perspectives from Western Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations

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          Abstract

          Introduction

          Western Australia has one of the highest rates of Aboriginal children entering out-of-home care in Australia. Kinship care is the preferred culturally safe out-of-home care option for Aboriginal children, yet all jurisdictions, including Western Australia, are far from meeting best-practice national standards. Intersectoral collaboration is a key primary healthcare principle and internationally recognized for improving health systems and outcomes. This paper presents findings from a qualitative research project investigating Aboriginal primary healthcare workers’ experiences of intersectoral collaboration challenges and strengthening opportunities.

          Methods

          Constructivist grounded theory guided this research involving 55 semi-structured interviews and four focus group discussions with Aboriginal primary healthcare workers. The research was guided by Indigenous methodologies and led by Indigenous researchers Participants were recruited from seven Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisations located across Perth metro, Pilbara, Midwest/Gascoyne and Southwest regions in Western Australia.

          Results

          Key themes identified around intersectoral collaboration challenges were communication, including information sharing and interagency meetings, and the relationship with the government sector, including trust and the importance of the perception of Aboriginal health service independence. Key themes around strengthening areas to improve intersectoral collaboration included strengthening service resourcing and coverage, including the availability of services, and addressing high program turnover. The need for a shift in approach, including more emphasis on Aboriginal-led care and aligning approaches between sectors, was another area for strengthening.

          Discussion

          This study addresses a significant research gap concerning out-of-home care, kinship care, and intersectoral collaboration in an Australian Aboriginal context. Findings highlighted the need to review the out-of-home and kinship models of care to strengthen the system, including creating more formal and structured modes of collaborating and better resourcing family support and kinship care.

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          Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis

          Virginia Braun, Victoria Clarke (2020)
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            Methods of data collection in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups.

            P. Gill, K. Stewart, E Treasure … (2008)
            This paper explores the most common methods of data collection used in qualitative research: interviews and focus groups. The paper examines each method in detail, focusing on how they work in practice, when their use is appropriate and what they can offer dentistry. Examples of empirical studies that have used interviews or focus groups are also provided.
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              Grounded theory research: A design framework for novice researchers

              Ylona Chun Tie, Melanie Birks, Karen D. Francis (2019)
              Background: Grounded theory is a well-known methodology employed in many research studies. Qualitative and quantitative data generation techniques can be used in a grounded theory study. Grounded theory sets out to discover or construct theory from data, systematically obtained and analysed using comparative analysis. While grounded theory is inherently flexible, it is a complex methodology. Thus, novice researchers strive to understand the discourse and the practical application of grounded theory concepts and processes. Objective: The aim of this article is to provide a contemporary research framework suitable to inform a grounded theory study. Result: This article provides an overview of grounded theory illustrated through a graphic representation of the processes and methods employed in conducting research using this methodology. The framework is presented as a diagrammatic representation of a research design and acts as a visual guide for the novice grounded theory researcher. Discussion: As grounded theory is not a linear process, the framework illustrates the interplay between the essential grounded theory methods and iterative and comparative actions involved. Each of the essential methods and processes that underpin grounded theory are defined in this article. Conclusion: Rather than an engagement in philosophical discussion or a debate of the different genres that can be used in grounded theory, this article illustrates how a framework for a research study design can be used to guide and inform the novice nurse researcher undertaking a study using grounded theory. Research findings and recommendations can contribute to policy or knowledge development, service provision and can reform thinking to initiate change in the substantive area of inquiry.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Sasha Moodie: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2623763/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Jocelyn Jones: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2430637/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Richard Chenhall: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/600117/overviewRole: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role: Role:
                Robyn Williams: URI : https://loop.frontiersin.org/people/2747503/overviewRole: Role: Role:
                Cathy Garlett: Role: Role: Role:
                Alison Gibberd: Role:
                Melissa O’Donnell: Role:
                Dan McAullay: Role:
                Bridgette McNamara: Role:
                Sandra Eades: Role:
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Public Health
                Title: Frontiers in Public Health
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 2296-2565
                Publication date (Electronic): 25 June 2024
                Publication date Collection: 2024
                Volume: 12
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1392208
                Affiliations
                [1] 1National Drug Research Institute, Curtin University , Perth, WA, Australia
                [2] 2Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC, Australia
                [3] 3Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University , Bentley, WA, Australia
                [4] 4Hunter Research Medical Institute , Newcastle, NSW, Australia
                [5] 5Australian Centre for Child Protection, University of South Australia , Adelaide, SA, Australia
                [6] 6Kurongkurl Katitjin, Edith Cowan University , Perth, WA, Australia
                [7] 7Barwon South West Public Health Unit, Barwon Health , Geelong, VIC, Australia
                Author notes

                Edited by: Eduardo Vasconez, University of the Americas, Ecuador

                Reviewed by: Dianne Goeman, The University of Newcastle, Australia

                Maria de Lourdes Noboa Lasso, University of Porto, Portugal

                *Correspondence: Jocelyn Jones, j.jones@ 123456curtin.edu.au
                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1392208
                PMC ID: 11231078
                PubMed ID: 38983266
                SO-VID: 26857f05-2699-4f46-9a5e-8d27eeb51087
                Copyright © Copyright © 2024 Moodie, Jones, Chenhall, Williams, Garlett, Gibberd, O’Donnell, McAullay, McNamara and Eades.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 28 February 2024
                Date accepted : 05 June 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 1, Tables: 1, Equations: 0, References: 90, Pages: 13, Words: 11590
                Funding
                The author(s) declare that financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This study was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Project Grant 1162968. The NHMRC is the main Australian Government statutory authority responsible for medical research.
                Categories
                Subject: Public Health
                Subject: Original Research
                Custom metadata
                section-at-acceptance Public Health Policy

                Keywords: aboriginal and torres strait islander,out-of-home care,primary health care,australia,kinship care,intersectoral collaboration,indigenous
                Data availability:
                Keywords: aboriginal and torres strait islander, out-of-home care, primary health care, australia, kinship care, intersectoral collaboration, indigenous

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