For Publishers
DiscoveryMetadataPeer reviewHostingPublishing
For Researchers
JoinPublishReviewCollect
Register
Blog
About
Search
Advanced search
My ScienceOpen
Search
For Publishers
For Researchers
Blog
About
0
views
63
references
 Top references
cited by
0
    
0 reviews
 Review
0
comments
 Comment
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      675
      similar
       All similar
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      A comprehensive characterization of the transcriptome in enzalutamide resistance prostate cancer

      research-article

      Read this article at

      ScienceOpenPublisherPMC
      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Prostate cancer (PCa) contributes to more than 1.2 million newly diagnosed cases and more than 350,000 deaths each year, making it the second most common malignancy and the fifth leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men worldwide. Treatment of PCa is further complicated by drug resistance to enzalutamide. The present study comprehensively details the genomic characteristics of enzalutamide-resistant PCa.

          Methods

          The determination of enzalutamide-related genes in GSE163240 and GSE136129 was conducted by differential expression analysis, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) suggested that these genes were highly correlated with immune-related pathways. Subsequently, network analysis including module analysis and degree analysis and univariable cox analysis were conducted, which led to the identification of both hub genes [contactin 2 ( CNTN2) and frizzled class receptor 2 ( FZD2)].

          Results

          GSEA suggested that these genes were highly correlated with immune-related pathways. Subsequently, network analysis, including module analysis and degree analysis, and univariable Cox analysis resulted in the identification of two hub genes, CNTN2 and FZD2, which were further validated using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB). GSEA and CIBERSORT indicated that both hub genes were highly correlated with immune-related functions in PCa.

          Conclusions

          In conclusion, this study comprehensively described the transcriptome landscape of enzalutamide-resistant PCa and identified two hub genes, CNTN2 and FZD2, that play an important role in enzalutamide-mediated immune infiltration in PCa.

          Related collections

          Most cited references63

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          Global Cancer Statistics 2018: GLOBOCAN Estimates of Incidence and Mortality Worldwide for 36 Cancers in 185 Countries

          Ahmedin Jemal, Lindsey A Torre, Rebecca Siegel … (2018)
          This article provides a status report on the global burden of cancer worldwide using the GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer, with a focus on geographic variability across 20 world regions. There will be an estimated 18.1 million new cancer cases (17.0 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) and 9.6 million cancer deaths (9.5 million excluding nonmelanoma skin cancer) in 2018. In both sexes combined, lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer (11.6% of the total cases) and the leading cause of cancer death (18.4% of the total cancer deaths), closely followed by female breast cancer (11.6%), prostate cancer (7.1%), and colorectal cancer (6.1%) for incidence and colorectal cancer (9.2%), stomach cancer (8.2%), and liver cancer (8.2%) for mortality. Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer death among males, followed by prostate and colorectal cancer (for incidence) and liver and stomach cancer (for mortality). Among females, breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death, followed by colorectal and lung cancer (for incidence), and vice versa (for mortality); cervical cancer ranks fourth for both incidence and mortality. The most frequently diagnosed cancer and the leading cause of cancer death, however, substantially vary across countries and within each country depending on the degree of economic development and associated social and life style factors. It is noteworthy that high-quality cancer registry data, the basis for planning and implementing evidence-based cancer control programs, are not available in most low- and middle-income countries. The Global Initiative for Cancer Registry Development is an international partnership that supports better estimation, as well as the collection and use of local data, to prioritize and evaluate national cancer control efforts. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians 2018;0:1-31. © 2018 American Cancer Society.
          Article 0 comments Cited 27242 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Gene Ontology: tool for the unification of biology

            Michael Ashburner, Catherine A. Ball, Judith Blake … (2002)
            Genomic sequencing has made it clear that a large fraction of the genes specifying the core biological functions are shared by all eukaryotes. Knowledge of the biological role of such shared proteins in one organism can often be transferred to other organisms. The goal of the Gene Ontology Consortium is to produce a dynamic, controlled vocabulary that can be applied to all eukaryotes even as knowledge of gene and protein roles in cells is accumulating and changing. To this end, three independent ontologies accessible on the World-Wide Web (http://www.geneontology.org) are being constructed: biological process, molecular function and cellular component.
            Article 0 comments Cited 15593 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              clusterProfiler: an R package for comparing biological themes among gene clusters.

              Guangchuang Yu, Li-Gen Wang, Yanyan Han … (2012)
              Increasing quantitative data generated from transcriptomics and proteomics require integrative strategies for analysis. Here, we present an R package, clusterProfiler that automates the process of biological-term classification and the enrichment analysis of gene clusters. The analysis module and visualization module were combined into a reusable workflow. Currently, clusterProfiler supports three species, including humans, mice, and yeast. Methods provided in this package can be easily extended to other species and ontologies. The clusterProfiler package is released under Artistic-2.0 License within Bioconductor project. The source code and vignette are freely available at http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/clusterProfiler.html.
              Article 0 comments Cited 11613 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
                Bookmark
                All references

                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Ann Transl Med
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Ann Transl Med
                Journal ID (publisher-id): ATM
                Title: Annals of Translational Medicine
                Publisher: AME Publishing Company
                ISSN (Print): 2305-5839
                ISSN (Electronic): 2305-5847
                Publication date (Print and electronic): December 2021
                Publication date (Print): December 2021
                Volume: 9
                Issue: 24
                Electronic Location Identifier: 1782
                Affiliations
                [1 ]deptDepartment of Oncology , The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China;
                [2 ]deptTianjin Institute of Urology , The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin, China
                Author notes

                Contributions: (I) Conception and design: L Wang, Y Peng; (II) Administrative support: H Wang; (III) Provision of study materials or patients: S Dong, D Hou; (IV) Collection and assembly of data: N Li, H Li; (V) Data analysis and interpretation: T Li, Z Zhang; (VI) Manuscript writing: All authors; (VII) Final approval of manuscript: All authors.

                [#]

                These authors contributed equally to this work.

                Correspondence to: Haitao Wang, MD. Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Pingjiang Road, Hexi, Tianjin 300211, China. Email: peterrock2000@ 123456126.com .
                Article
                Publisher ID: atm-09-24-1782
                DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-6191
                PMC ID: 8756251
                PubMed ID: 35071476
                SO-VID: 21fcc7e8-e628-4121-994f-406478a9ee59
                Copyright © 2021 Annals of Translational Medicine. All rights reserved.
                License:

                Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

                History
                Date received : 29 October 2021
                Date accepted : 06 December 2021
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                Keywords: prostate cancer (pca),castration-resistant prostate cancer (crpc),enzalutamide,immune microenvironment
                Data availability:
                Keywords: prostate cancer (pca), castration-resistant prostate cancer (crpc), enzalutamide, immune microenvironment

                Comments

                Comment on this article